.jpg)
.png)
.jpg)
.png)
Our Portfolio.
A creative agency that believes in the power of creative ideas and great design.Popular
-
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard By Pete Mitchell | May 15, 2023 Since the invention of the keyboard, many writing tasks ha...
-
Design Ai Improving image quality Color Mind generates unique image Firefly adobe frame down video rotate hair...
-
54 Shares Share Tweet Pin Email Share सिन्धुली । सिन्धुलीको मरिण गाउँपालिकामा आयोजित छैठौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगिताको... -
lhGbuL d sf] x"F cfkm}nfO{ lal;|P/ ;Unf] lhGbuL afFRg vf]H5' c/], afFRg sxfF ;lhnf] 5 kmls/ h:tf] ljzfn ;d'G› ;s; cfkm}df...
Popular Posts
Contributors
- kanchha tamang
- My name is Kanchha man blon i was born sindhuli marin rural municipality-4 kharkhola now i getting study in bachelor fist year my parents name Bir Bahadur Bholan or Masin maya Bholan
Wednesday, 29 January 2025
.jpg)
Monday, 6 January 2025
Tuesday, 31 December 2024
श्री माध्यमिक विद्यालय मरिण खयरसाललाई हार्दिक बधाई
54Shares
Share
Tweet
Pin
Email
Shareसिन्धुली । सिन्धुलीको मरिण गाउँपालिकामा आयोजित छैठौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगिताको शिल्ड मरिण गाउँपालिका ४ मा रहेको श्री माध्यमिक विद्यालय मरिण खयरसालले जितेको छ ।
गत बिहिबारबाट आयोजना भएको मरिण गाउँपालिका स्तरीय छैठौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगितामा समेत प्रथम हुँदै खयरसालले चौथो पटक शिल्ड उचालेको हो ।
विद्यालयले प्रतियोगितामा ६ स्वर्ण, ४ रजत र ५ काश्य सहित कुल १५ पदक सहित रनिङ लागातार चौथो पटक शिल्ड चुम्न पाएको विद्यालयका प्रधानाध्यापक मानध्वज बम्जनले जानकारी दिनुभयो ।
विद्यालयले यस अघि गाउँपालिकाद्धारा आयोजित तेस्रो, चौथो र पाँचौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगिता जितेर शिल्ड आफ्नो कब्जामा पारिसकेको छ । यो छैठौं प्रतियोगिता जितेसंगै विद्यालयले दोस्रो शिल्ड पाएको हो ।
प्रतियोगितामा लागतार तिनपटक विजयी भए विद्यालयले सँधैका लागि शिल्ड राख्न पाउने व्यवस्था छ ।
यस पटक छात्रा चार सय मिटर दौड, छात्रा ज्याबलिङ थ्रो, छात्र सटफुट, छात्र ८ सय मिटर, १ हजार ५ सय मिटर दौड र छात्र कबड्डीमा मावि मरिण खयरसालले स्वर्ण पदक पाएको हो ।
यसैविच प्रतियोगितामा ५ स्वर्ण, ४ रजत र २ काश्य सहित मावि कपिलाकोट द्धितिय भएको छ भने २ स्वर्ण, ३ रजत र ४ काश्य सहित मावि तल्लो खन्जनी तृतिय भएको छ । द्धितिय भएको मावि कपिलाकोट प्रतियोगिताको आयोजक विद्यालय हो ।
प्रतियोगिताका विजयी विद्यालय तथा विद्यार्थी टिमलाई मरिण गाउँपालिकाका अध्यक्ष विमर्श मोक्तान (प्रख्यात) ले एक समारोहका विच नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण पत्र वितरण गर्नुभएको थियो ।
स्वास्थ्यका लागि खेलकुद, राष्ट्रका लागि खेलकुद भन्ने मुल नाराका साथ आयोजना गरिएको प्रतियोगितामा मरिण गाउँपालिका भित्रका १३ वटा माध्यमिक विद्यालयहरुको सहभागिता रहेको आयोजक विद्यालय माविक कपिलाकोटका प्रधानाध्यापक अमृतसिं घिसिङले जानकारी दिनुभयो ।
प्रतियोगितामा छात्र–छात्रा भलिबल, कबड्डी, एथलेष्टिक, १ सय देखि तिन हजारसम्म दौड, हाइजम्प, त्रिपलजम्प, सर्टफुट, ज्याब्लीङथ्रो लगायतमा प्रतिस्पर्धा भएको थियो ।
पाँच दिनसम्म संचालन भएको प्रतियोगितामा प्रथम भएको मावि मरिण खयरसालले १० हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण, द्धितिय हुन सफल मावि कपिलाकोटले ७ हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण र तृतिय हुन सफल प्रस्तावित मावि तल्लो खन्जनीले ५ हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण प्राप्त गरेका हुन् ।
विद्यालयले पढाइका अलवा अतिरिक्त कृयाकलापमा समेत अब्बल प्रदर्शन गर्न सक्दा लागतार चौथो पटक राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड हातपार्दै इतिहास रचेको मावि मरिण खयरसालका विद्यालय व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष टिका तामाङ स्याङ्तानले बताउनु भयो । उहाँले भन्नुभयो, ‘लागतार चौथो पटकसम्म प्रतियोगितामा शिल्ड प्राप्त गर्ने खयरसाल जस्तो विद्यालयहरु सायदै होलान । यसले विद्यालय र विद्यार्थीहरु प्रति खेलकुदका क्षेत्रमा थप लगानी र हौसला प्रदान गर्नुपर्ने अवसर सिर्जना भएको छ । हामी अत्यन्तै खुसी छौं ।’
कपिलाकोट माध्यमिक विद्यालयका व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष राजकुमार श्रेष्ठको अध्यक्षतामा सम्पन्न भएको प्रतियोगिताको उद्घाटन भने प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य राजन दाहालले एक भव्य समारोहका विच गर्नु भएको थियो ।
Friday, 6 September 2024
Sunday, 26 May 2024
The love story with the city of joy
My love story with the city of joy
The city of joy is a tale of human courage. It is a proof that literature can bring both physical and mental changes in human life. It tells the life to the people who live in the slum in Culcutta. One morning in the rainy season, the writer, Dominique Lapierre, went into the slum. He researched painfully there. He learnt how people lived in difficult situation. They lived with insects, hunger, disease, lack of food and medicine, and job. He wrote a novel about their life. He refused with twenty pads of notes and hundreds of hours of tape. This material was enough for him to write a great epic in his life. It took him two years to complete the book. The name of the book was “The city of joy” which was published in thirty-one languages. The book sold well and to help the poor of Calcutta, cheque, jewelry, gold piece, wedding rings, etc. were sent. The writer also gave half of his royalty and utilized all the money properly to support the poor.
Later, the book was made a movie although there were many obstacles to cross. More support was achieved to change the life style and infrastructure of the place. The writer was honored there. While honoring him a little Bangali girl told him that because of him they were not alone in the slum. His experience in the city of joy changed his attitude to life. He learned to be more economical. He also realized that adversity is big but man is greater than adversity. This is his experience of sharing anything to get support.
Questions-Answer
- What did the author learn in the city of joy?
Ans. The author learnt so many things in the city of joy. He learnt how people could live with pests, survive on a little food a day, queue up for hours for the latrines, wash with less than a pint of water, light a match in the monsoon share their living quarters- with a group of eunuchs. He learnt the true values of life. He learnt to use everything to the maximum level without throwing it until it could be used.
- What does the proverb ‘ All that is not given is lost’ mean? Explain.
Ans. It means we should share our pain and gain with other. If we share we will be happy. We need to share our things to get support from other. It tries to reflect cooperation, generosity, and helpfulness to other. If we help others by giving something we have, we are being safe from losing but on the other hand, if we keep something with ourselves, we may lose it one day and we have to regret for that action.
- Did the author make any contribution to the dwellers of the city of joy?
Ans. Yes, the author made real contribution to the dwellers of the city of joy by giving half of all his royalties by forming ‘The Action Aid ‘ project. Moreover, he wrote the novel which brought economic support to the dwellers.
- What is the city of joy about?
Ans. The city of joy is about the miserable condition and suffering of slum people of Calcutta. The author wants to call it an epic although it is a fiction in the sense that epics are written based on the action of great heroes, historical context, bravery of life-like characters. This book has more than five hundred pages as epic and it has the characters of the epic. The city of joy also deals with a bravery work of changing the face of Culcutta.
- The city of joy is a proof that literature can bring both physical and mental changes in human life. Discuss.
Ans. See the summary.
- Read the following paragraph and answer the questions given below. (T.U.2066)
That very fast monsoon morning and walked into it, I knew that this wretched inhuman slum of Calcutta called the city of joy was one of the most extraordinary places on our planet. When I left it two years later with some twenty pads full of notes and hundreds of hours of taps, I knew I had the materials for the greatest book of my career, an epic of heroism, love and faith, a glorious tribute to the human capacity to beat adversity and survive every possible tragedy.
Questions
- Where did the fellow walk in?
- What was called the city of joy?
- Why did the fellow go there?
- For how long he stayed there?
- What did he take back with him when he left the place?
- For what purpose would he utilize that information?
- What would be paid a glorious tribute? (7×1=7)
Answer
- The fellow walked in the slum of Culcutta.
- The city of joy was called the wretched inhuman slum of Calcutta.
- The fellow went there to collect materials for the greatest book of his career.
- He stayed there for two years.
- He took some twenty pads full of notes and hundreds of hours of tape back with him when he left the place.
- He would utilize that information to write a book; called an epic of heroism, love and faith.
- The human capacity to beat adversity and survive every possible tragedy would be paid a glorious tribute.
Saturday, 13 April 2024
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
Since the invention of the keyboard, many writing tasks have become easy to perform, like typing with alphabet keys or account keeping with number keys. Also, with the rapid and comprehensive advancements in technology, the keyboard has made its way into smartphones, making it even more accessible. Nowadays, some tasks cannot be completed without the use of the keyboard. So, to understand the keyboard in-depth to speed up your tasks in daily life, you should know the types of keys on a computer keyboard. Keep reading this article to know this along with the functions of every key on the computer keyboard.
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
If you look at the keyboard on your Desktop or Laptop, you will see the different sets of keys with specific indicative letters on them. These keys are classified to accommodate different functions that you can use to perform specific actions after pressing them. The classification of these keyboard keys can be seen as:
- Alphabet Keys
- Number Keys
- Punctuation Keys
- Special Keys
- Modifier Keys
- Function Keys
- Navigation Keys
- Toggle Keys
These eight types of keys on a computer keyboard allow you to perform several actions and shortcuts to use the keyboard comprehensively. Now, let us learn what are the different types of keys in a computer keyboard in detail with the functions of every key on the computer keyboard.
Note: The below-mentioned functions for various keys are listed for the Windows Operating System.
1. Alphabet Keys
A to Z keys are called alphabet keys which are the most important types of keys on keyboard.
- There are a total of 26 alphabet keys resent on the keyboard.
- Most of the keyboards have a QWERTY arrangement of the keys that are not in alphabetical order.
- You can use these alphabet keys to type out words to form sentences and paragraphs for essays, documents, or articles, like the one you are reading now.
- With the use of the Shift key, which is a modifier key, you can also type uppercase and lowercase letters to maintain the grammatical and formatting rules in the writing.
Also Read: What is Home Button on a Keyboard?
2. Number Keys
The number keys are situated in two locations on the keyboard with different functions. In both locations, there are 10 keys, ranging from 1 to 0.
Option I: Symbol Keys
The number keys directly above the alphabet keys also work as symbol keys. These symbols can also be typed out using the Shift key. Below is the table representation of each key denoting the symbol it functions:
| Number Keys | Respective Symbols |
| 1 | ! |
| 2 | @ |
| 3 | # |
| 4 | $ |
| 5 | % |
| 6 | ^ |
| 7 | & |
| 8 | * |
| 9 | ( |
| 0 | ) |
Option II: Numeric Keypad
It is situated at the end of the right side of the keyboard. It resembles the telephone number pads, hence the name, Numeric Keypad. It also operated in these two different modes:
- Num Lock On: All the keys, from 1 to 0, produces the respective digits.
- Num Lock Off: The keys 7, 1, 9, and 3 act like scroll keys, and 8, 2. 4, and 6 like navigation keys.
| Number Keys | Functions |
| 7 | Home |
| 1 | End |
| 9 | Pg Up |
| 3 | Pg Dn |
| 8 | Up Arrow Key |
| 2 | Down Arrow Key |
| 4 | Left Arrow Key |
| 6 | Right Arrow Key |
| 5 | 5 |
| 0 | Insert Key |
Also Read: Fix keyboard Input lag in Windows 10
3. Punctuation Keys
The punctuation keys are also one of the important types of keys on a computer keyboard.
- The punctuations like comma (,), full stop (.), semicolon (;), colon (:), etc. are present on every keyboard.
- These punctuation keys can be used to produce two punctuation marks with one key with the help of the Shift key.
- These keys are most important to correctly punctuate the written text to produce grammatically correct and properly punctuated text.
4. Special Keys
The special keys present on the keyboard are used to carry out special actions in the text editor. Some of the special keys and their functions are listed below:
- Spacebar key: To give spacing between two independent words to form a sentence.
- Enter key: To shift the cursor to the next line in the text editor.
- Backspace key: To delete the words and spacing before the cursor.
- Windows key: To open the Start Menu and use different shortcuts, like Windows + I to open the Settings app.
- Escape key (Esc): To close a popup window or to cancel/interrupt current running programs/processes.
- Delete key: To delete selected images or text.
Also Read: How to Fix Windows Key Disabled
5. Modifier Keys
Modifier keys are used to modify the action of another specific key for a temporary period. Also, modifier keys have no function on their own. They have to be used in combination to perform a certain action or function.
- Shift key: To toggle between uppercase/lowercase letters or switch between two different punctuations with one specific key.
- Control key (Ctrl): To open a new tab in the browser, create new folders, open different task windows, etc.
- Alt (Alternate) key: To alternate the function of the other pressed keys on the keyboard.
- Alt Gr (Alternate Graphic) key: To type characters like ©, ā, æ, etc., with the help of the alphabet and other modifier keys.
6. Function Keys
The function keys begin with the letter F and reside on the topmost part of the keyboard. The function keys on the keyboard start from F1 and end at F12. There is also an additional function key Fn on the keyboard.
- F1: To open the help menu in Microsoft Office applications and a help window in browsers, like Microsoft Edge and Google Chrome.
- F2: To access file edit functions or even files in Windows Explorer, Microsoft Excel, and other several programs.
- F3: To search files and folders in the Windows File Explorer and other applications as well. Shift + F3 allows users to search backward.
- F4: Ctrl + F4 is used to close a tab in a browser window. Alt + F4 is used to close the entire browser window and shut down the Windows PC.
- F5: To refresh/reload a tab in a browser window and refresh the folder in File Explorer as well.
- F6: To highlight and select the URL in a browser window. Also, it is used to move to the next pane in PowerPoint.
- F7: To perform Caret Browsing, meaning using a web page without the help of a mouse, like highlighting the selections. In the word processors and text editors, it is used to navigate to the different sentences within the document.
- F8: To open macros dialog with the Alt key.
- F9: To refresh a document in Microsoft Word and recalculate the workbook in Excel.
- F10: To activate the menu bar. It also activates the context menu when used in combination with the Shift key.
- F11: To open the script editor and visual basic editor when used in combination with Shift and Alt keys.
- F12: To open Developer Tools in various browsers like Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, etc.
- Fn: To perform toggle screen brightness, increase/decrease volume, and many other actions in combination with the F1 to F12 function keys.
Also Read: How to Enable Dell Keyboard Backlight Settings
7. Navigation Keys
Navigation keys are the types of keys on a computer keyboard that are essential with the following functions to utilize:
- These navigation keys are used to navigate a webpage or a text editor window line by line.
- As mentioned before, the Numeric Keypad keys: 8, 4, 2, and 6 can also be used as navigation keys when the Num Lock is off.
- These keys are very useful when playing games or handling tasks like video editing.
8. Toggle Keys
The toggle keys toggle the action of specific keys for a period until the toggle key is active. There are three toggle keys:
- Caps Lock: When active, the alphabet keys type letters in uppercase, otherwise lowercase.
- Num Lock: As mentioned before, it is used to toggle the actions of the numerical keys on the keyboard.
- Scroll Lock: This key has been vanishing from most modern keyboards. There is no use for it and it does not help the compact design of the keyboards. But if it is on a keyboard, it helps lock the scrolling on a page until it is active.
Recommended:
- Fix Steam Client Bootstrapper Not Responding in Windows 10
- How to Activate Windows 10 Without Key
- How to Type Rupee Symbol in Keyboard on Windows 10
- Fix Mechanical Keyboard Double Typing in Windows 10
We hope you have understood the different types of keys on a computer keyboard with the help of this article. If you have any queries about this article or suggestions for any other topic, send them to us through the comments box below.
Tuesday, 13 February 2024
.png)
Tuesday, 30 January 2024
लेखा परीक्षक नोट
.jpg)
i.
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर भनेको के हो ?
®
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर प्रत्येक करदातालाई पहिचान दिना दिइने अद्वितीय र स्थायी संकेत अङ्क हो । यो एकपटक लिइसकेपछि उही व्यक्तिले व्यवसाय गर्ने स्थल वा व्यवसायको
प्रकृति एवं अन्य विवरण विदले पनि सो करदाताका लागि सधैंभरि सोही अङ्क कायम रहने
गरी वा कायम रहने भएकाले इसाई लेखा नम्बर भनिएको हो । यसलाई अङ्ग्रेजीमा Permanent
Account Number (PAN) भनिन्छ। व्यक्तिको लागि यो कर तिर्ने प्रयोजनको लागि
प्रयोग गरिन्छ । यो व्यवसायी रोजगारी एवं लगानीको पहिचान जनाउने नम्बर पनि
हो। कम्प्युटर प्रणालीबाट सिर्जना हुने नौ अंकको नम्बर हुन्छ उदाहरणका लागि 123456789
ii.
PAN लिन किन आवश्यक छ?
®
उद्योग,
व्यापार, व्यवसाय, पेशा तथा रोजगारी गर्ने व्यक्तिले आफुले गर्ने कारोवार, बैकिङ्ग
कारोवार, जारी गर्ने बिल, बिजक, खाता, कागजात तथा आय विवरणमा PAN को उल्लेख गर्न अनिवार्य भएकाले PAN लिनु पर्दछ । यो नम्बरले
करदातालार्इ एउटा विशिष्ट पहिचान दिने भएकाले आफ्नो व्यवसाय गर्न र सोमा (व्यवसाय)
सम्बद्ध राजस्व दाखिला गर्न यो PAN लिएपछि सजिलो
हुन्छ । त्यसैले PAN को आवश्याकता पर्छ ।
iii.
अन्तःशुल्क
लाग्ने वस्तुको कारोबार गर्न के छुट्टै प्यान लिनुपर्छ?
®
अन्तःशुल्क
लाग्ने वस्तुको कारोबार गर्न के छुट्टै प्यान लिनुपर्छ अन्तःशुल्क लाग्ने वस्तुको
कारोबार गर्न पहिला प्यान लिइसकेका व्यक्तिले लिनुपर्दैन अन्तःशुल्क लाग्ने वस्तुको
कारोबार गर्नेले सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक वा करदाता सेवा कार्यालय वा कोष तथा लेखा
नियन्त्रण कार्यलाई इजाजत आवेदन गरी इजाजत पत्र लिनुपर्दछ अन्तशुल्क इजाजत पत्रको
लागि प्यानको प्रतिलिपि पनि संलग्न गर्नुपर्दछ ।
iv.
के प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति र कम्पनीको प्यान फरक-फरक किसिमको हुन्छ?
®
प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति र कम्पनीले फरक-फरक PAN लिनु
परे पनि स्थायी लेख एउटै किसिमको विशिष्ट नम्बर (Unique Number) दिएको
हुन्छ संख्याबाट प्राकृतिक व्यक्ति र कम्पनीको छुट्टिँदैन ।
v. आयकरमा दर्ता भर्इ PAN लिइसकेपछि फेरी मूल्य अभिवृद्धि कर
(VAT) को लागि
छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्छ
त?
®
मूल्य
अभिवृद्धि कर VAT र आयकर दुवै आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागद्वारा प्रशासन गरिन्छ । र
दुवै प्रयोजनका लागि एउटै PAN
दिइन्छ. यसर्थ आयकर तथा मूल्य अभिवृद्धि
कर प्रयोजनका लागि छुट्टै छुट्टै दुईवटा PAN मात्र लिएको व्यवसायीले मु.अ. करयोग्य
कारोबार गर्न चाहेमा सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय/ करदाता सेवा कार्यालयमा
निवेदन दिई मु.अ. करमा समेत दर्ता हुनुपर्दछ
vi. रोजगारीको आय हुने व्यक्तिले PAN लिनु पर्छ कि पर्दैन?
®
रोजगारीको आय
हुने व्यक्तिले पनि PAN लिनुपर्ने गरी आ. ब. २०६६/ ६७ देखि व्यवस्था गरिएको छ. एउटै
मात्र रोजगारदाता भएको अवस्थामा व्यक्तिगत PAN लिनुपर्दछ। यस्तो PAN हुने व्यक्तिको रोजगार दाताले नै पारिश्रमिक भुक्तानी गर्दा कर कट्टि
गरी दाखिला गरिदिने भएकाले आय विवरण पेश गर्नु पर्दैन । तर एकभन्दा बढी रोजगारदाता
भएको अवस्थामा अन्तिम करदायित्व एकिन गरी आय विवरण पेश गर्नु पर्ने भएकाले Business PAN लिनु पर्दछ ।
vii.
मैले
प्रोप्राइटरसीप फर्म बन्द गरी प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनी खोल्दैछु के मैले कम्पनीका
लागि छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ?
®
प्रोप्राइटरसीप
फर्म एकल प्राकृतिक व्यक्तिको स्वामित्वमा रहने। र कम्पनी छुट्टाछुट्टै व्यक्तिको
स्वामित्वमा रहने भएकोले प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनीले एकल प्राकृतिक व्यक्तिको
स्वामित्वमा रहे पनि, छट्टै कानूनी व्यक्ति भएकोले छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ ।
viii.
मैले
विराटनगरमा खुद्रा पसलको व्यवसाय गर्दा PAN लिएको थिएँ । सो व्यवसाय बन्द गरी
म काठमाण्डौं आए र यहाँ उद्योग स्थापना गर्ने तयारी गर्दैछु । के काठमाण्डौमा
मैले पुनः छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ ?
®
उही प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति हो भने ठाउँ वा कारोवारको प्रकृति बदलेपनि पुनः PAN लिई राख्नु पर्दैन । तर परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी सूचना सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक
राजस्व कार्यालय (आफुले PAN लिएको आ.रा.का तथा करदाता सेवा कार्यालय) मा दिई आफ्नो
अभिलेख अद्यावधिक गराउनु पर्दछ । काठमाण्डौमा आई पूनः उद्योग व्यवसाय सूचारु
गर्नुपरेमा व्यवसाय गर्न छनौट भएको स्थान अन्तरगतको क्षेत्रमा पर्ने आन्तरिक
राजस्व कार्यालय / करदाता सेवा कार्यालयम निवेदन दिई PAN लाई Reactivate गर्नुपर्दछ ।
ix.
आन्तरिक राजस्व
विभागले PAN लिएको नलिएको, कागजात (जस्तै विल विजक) मा उल्लेख
गरे नगरेको कसरी थाहा पाउछ ?
®
आन्तरिक राजस्व
विभाग वा मातहतका कार्यालयहरुवाट र राजस्व अनुसन्धान विभाग समेतको मद्दतले PAN लिएको नलिएको, VAT लगायतका करमा दर्ता भए नभएको र बील विजकमा उल्लेख (Quote) गरे नगरेको अनुगमन गर्ने गर्दछ । यसका लागि बजार अनुगमनको विशेष
व्यवस्था गरिएको छ । PAN लिएर मात्र कारोवार गर्नु पर्ने व्यक्तिले PAN नलिई कारोवार गरेको पाइएमा आयकर तथा मू.अ.कर दुबै ऐन बमोजिम आन्तरिक
राजस्व विभागले कानूनी कारवाही गर्न सक्दछ ।
x. E-PAN भनेको के हो?
®
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर प्रत्येक करदातालाई दिइने नौ अंकको स्थायी संकेत हो । यसलाई अंग्रेजीमा Permanent Account Number र छोटकरीमा PAN
भनिन्छ । Personal तथा Business PAN प्राप्त गर्न आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय वा करदातासेवा कार्यालयवाट
प्राप्त दरखास्त फारम पूर्ण रुपमा भरी सो साथ आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरुसमेत संलग्न
गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ
भने अर्कोतर्फ आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागको वेबसाइट www.ird.gov.np मा गई त्यहां
उपलब्ध फाराम (PAN पाउनका लागि दिइने दरखास्त फाराम) अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट भरी
त्यस्को Print Out वा Submission
Number लिएर आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरु समेत संलग्न
गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ ।
यसरी अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट PAN प्राप्त गर्न प्रयोग गरिने माध्यमलाई e-PAN को रुपमा बुझिन्छ ।। e-PAN
भनेको छुट्टै PAN होइन ।
xi.
PAN कसरी जारी गरिन्छ?
®
Personal
तथा Business PAN को लागि आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागको
वेबसाइट www.ird.gov.np मा गई त्यहां उपलब्ध फाराम (PAN पाउनका लागि गरिने दरखास्त फाराम)
अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट भरी त्यस्को Print
Out वा Submission Number लिएर वा
आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका कार्यालयहरुमा प्राप्त हुने दरखास्त फाराम पूर्ण
रूपमा भरी सो साथ आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरु समेत संलग्न गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग
मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ । यसरी दरखास्त प्राप्त
भएपछि आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका कार्यालयहरुले जांचबुझ गरी कम्प्यूटर
प्रणालीबाट PAN जारी गर्दछन । सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय वा करदाता
सेवा कार्यालयबाट आवेदकलाई उक्त PAN
को प्रमाणपत्र प्रदान गरिन्छ ।
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
Wednesday, 29 January 2025
Monday, 6 January 2025
Tuesday, 31 December 2024
श्री माध्यमिक विद्यालय मरिण खयरसाललाई हार्दिक बधाई
54Shares
Share Tweet Pin Email Shareसिन्धुली । सिन्धुलीको मरिण गाउँपालिकामा आयोजित छैठौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगिताको शिल्ड मरिण गाउँपालिका ४ मा रहेको श्री माध्यमिक विद्यालय मरिण खयरसालले जितेको छ ।
गत बिहिबारबाट आयोजना भएको मरिण गाउँपालिका स्तरीय छैठौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगितामा समेत प्रथम हुँदै खयरसालले चौथो पटक शिल्ड उचालेको हो ।
विद्यालयले प्रतियोगितामा ६ स्वर्ण, ४ रजत र ५ काश्य सहित कुल १५ पदक सहित रनिङ लागातार चौथो पटक शिल्ड चुम्न पाएको विद्यालयका प्रधानाध्यापक मानध्वज बम्जनले जानकारी दिनुभयो ।
विद्यालयले यस अघि गाउँपालिकाद्धारा आयोजित तेस्रो, चौथो र पाँचौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगिता जितेर शिल्ड आफ्नो कब्जामा पारिसकेको छ । यो छैठौं प्रतियोगिता जितेसंगै विद्यालयले दोस्रो शिल्ड पाएको हो ।
प्रतियोगितामा लागतार तिनपटक विजयी भए विद्यालयले सँधैका लागि शिल्ड राख्न पाउने व्यवस्था छ ।
यस पटक छात्रा चार सय मिटर दौड, छात्रा ज्याबलिङ थ्रो, छात्र सटफुट, छात्र ८ सय मिटर, १ हजार ५ सय मिटर दौड र छात्र कबड्डीमा मावि मरिण खयरसालले स्वर्ण पदक पाएको हो ।
यसैविच प्रतियोगितामा ५ स्वर्ण, ४ रजत र २ काश्य सहित मावि कपिलाकोट द्धितिय भएको छ भने २ स्वर्ण, ३ रजत र ४ काश्य सहित मावि तल्लो खन्जनी तृतिय भएको छ । द्धितिय भएको मावि कपिलाकोट प्रतियोगिताको आयोजक विद्यालय हो ।
प्रतियोगिताका विजयी विद्यालय तथा विद्यार्थी टिमलाई मरिण गाउँपालिकाका अध्यक्ष विमर्श मोक्तान (प्रख्यात) ले एक समारोहका विच नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण पत्र वितरण गर्नुभएको थियो ।
स्वास्थ्यका लागि खेलकुद, राष्ट्रका लागि खेलकुद भन्ने मुल नाराका साथ आयोजना गरिएको प्रतियोगितामा मरिण गाउँपालिका भित्रका १३ वटा माध्यमिक विद्यालयहरुको सहभागिता रहेको आयोजक विद्यालय माविक कपिलाकोटका प्रधानाध्यापक अमृतसिं घिसिङले जानकारी दिनुभयो ।
प्रतियोगितामा छात्र–छात्रा भलिबल, कबड्डी, एथलेष्टिक, १ सय देखि तिन हजारसम्म दौड, हाइजम्प, त्रिपलजम्प, सर्टफुट, ज्याब्लीङथ्रो लगायतमा प्रतिस्पर्धा भएको थियो ।
पाँच दिनसम्म संचालन भएको प्रतियोगितामा प्रथम भएको मावि मरिण खयरसालले १० हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण, द्धितिय हुन सफल मावि कपिलाकोटले ७ हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण र तृतिय हुन सफल प्रस्तावित मावि तल्लो खन्जनीले ५ हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण प्राप्त गरेका हुन् ।
विद्यालयले पढाइका अलवा अतिरिक्त कृयाकलापमा समेत अब्बल प्रदर्शन गर्न सक्दा लागतार चौथो पटक राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड हातपार्दै इतिहास रचेको मावि मरिण खयरसालका विद्यालय व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष टिका तामाङ स्याङ्तानले बताउनु भयो । उहाँले भन्नुभयो, ‘लागतार चौथो पटकसम्म प्रतियोगितामा शिल्ड प्राप्त गर्ने खयरसाल जस्तो विद्यालयहरु सायदै होलान । यसले विद्यालय र विद्यार्थीहरु प्रति खेलकुदका क्षेत्रमा थप लगानी र हौसला प्रदान गर्नुपर्ने अवसर सिर्जना भएको छ । हामी अत्यन्तै खुसी छौं ।’
कपिलाकोट माध्यमिक विद्यालयका व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष राजकुमार श्रेष्ठको अध्यक्षतामा सम्पन्न भएको प्रतियोगिताको उद्घाटन भने प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य राजन दाहालले एक भव्य समारोहका विच गर्नु भएको थियो ।
Friday, 6 September 2024
Sunday, 26 May 2024
The love story with the city of joy
My love story with the city of joy
The city of joy is a tale of human courage. It is a proof that literature can bring both physical and mental changes in human life. It tells the life to the people who live in the slum in Culcutta. One morning in the rainy season, the writer, Dominique Lapierre, went into the slum. He researched painfully there. He learnt how people lived in difficult situation. They lived with insects, hunger, disease, lack of food and medicine, and job. He wrote a novel about their life. He refused with twenty pads of notes and hundreds of hours of tape. This material was enough for him to write a great epic in his life. It took him two years to complete the book. The name of the book was “The city of joy” which was published in thirty-one languages. The book sold well and to help the poor of Calcutta, cheque, jewelry, gold piece, wedding rings, etc. were sent. The writer also gave half of his royalty and utilized all the money properly to support the poor.
Later, the book was made a movie although there were many obstacles to cross. More support was achieved to change the life style and infrastructure of the place. The writer was honored there. While honoring him a little Bangali girl told him that because of him they were not alone in the slum. His experience in the city of joy changed his attitude to life. He learned to be more economical. He also realized that adversity is big but man is greater than adversity. This is his experience of sharing anything to get support.
Questions-Answer
- What did the author learn in the city of joy?
Ans. The author learnt so many things in the city of joy. He learnt how people could live with pests, survive on a little food a day, queue up for hours for the latrines, wash with less than a pint of water, light a match in the monsoon share their living quarters- with a group of eunuchs. He learnt the true values of life. He learnt to use everything to the maximum level without throwing it until it could be used.
- What does the proverb ‘ All that is not given is lost’ mean? Explain.
Ans. It means we should share our pain and gain with other. If we share we will be happy. We need to share our things to get support from other. It tries to reflect cooperation, generosity, and helpfulness to other. If we help others by giving something we have, we are being safe from losing but on the other hand, if we keep something with ourselves, we may lose it one day and we have to regret for that action.
- Did the author make any contribution to the dwellers of the city of joy?
Ans. Yes, the author made real contribution to the dwellers of the city of joy by giving half of all his royalties by forming ‘The Action Aid ‘ project. Moreover, he wrote the novel which brought economic support to the dwellers.
- What is the city of joy about?
Ans. The city of joy is about the miserable condition and suffering of slum people of Calcutta. The author wants to call it an epic although it is a fiction in the sense that epics are written based on the action of great heroes, historical context, bravery of life-like characters. This book has more than five hundred pages as epic and it has the characters of the epic. The city of joy also deals with a bravery work of changing the face of Culcutta.
- The city of joy is a proof that literature can bring both physical and mental changes in human life. Discuss.
Ans. See the summary.
- Read the following paragraph and answer the questions given below. (T.U.2066)
That very fast monsoon morning and walked into it, I knew that this wretched inhuman slum of Calcutta called the city of joy was one of the most extraordinary places on our planet. When I left it two years later with some twenty pads full of notes and hundreds of hours of taps, I knew I had the materials for the greatest book of my career, an epic of heroism, love and faith, a glorious tribute to the human capacity to beat adversity and survive every possible tragedy.
Questions
- Where did the fellow walk in?
- What was called the city of joy?
- Why did the fellow go there?
- For how long he stayed there?
- What did he take back with him when he left the place?
- For what purpose would he utilize that information?
- What would be paid a glorious tribute? (7×1=7)
Answer
- The fellow walked in the slum of Culcutta.
- The city of joy was called the wretched inhuman slum of Calcutta.
- The fellow went there to collect materials for the greatest book of his career.
- He stayed there for two years.
- He took some twenty pads full of notes and hundreds of hours of tape back with him when he left the place.
- He would utilize that information to write a book; called an epic of heroism, love and faith.
- The human capacity to beat adversity and survive every possible tragedy would be paid a glorious tribute.
Saturday, 13 April 2024
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
Since the invention of the keyboard, many writing tasks have become easy to perform, like typing with alphabet keys or account keeping with number keys. Also, with the rapid and comprehensive advancements in technology, the keyboard has made its way into smartphones, making it even more accessible. Nowadays, some tasks cannot be completed without the use of the keyboard. So, to understand the keyboard in-depth to speed up your tasks in daily life, you should know the types of keys on a computer keyboard. Keep reading this article to know this along with the functions of every key on the computer keyboard.
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
If you look at the keyboard on your Desktop or Laptop, you will see the different sets of keys with specific indicative letters on them. These keys are classified to accommodate different functions that you can use to perform specific actions after pressing them. The classification of these keyboard keys can be seen as:
- Alphabet Keys
- Number Keys
- Punctuation Keys
- Special Keys
- Modifier Keys
- Function Keys
- Navigation Keys
- Toggle Keys
These eight types of keys on a computer keyboard allow you to perform several actions and shortcuts to use the keyboard comprehensively. Now, let us learn what are the different types of keys in a computer keyboard in detail with the functions of every key on the computer keyboard.
Note: The below-mentioned functions for various keys are listed for the Windows Operating System.
1. Alphabet Keys
A to Z keys are called alphabet keys which are the most important types of keys on keyboard.
- There are a total of 26 alphabet keys resent on the keyboard.
- Most of the keyboards have a QWERTY arrangement of the keys that are not in alphabetical order.
- You can use these alphabet keys to type out words to form sentences and paragraphs for essays, documents, or articles, like the one you are reading now.
- With the use of the Shift key, which is a modifier key, you can also type uppercase and lowercase letters to maintain the grammatical and formatting rules in the writing.
Also Read: What is Home Button on a Keyboard?
2. Number Keys
The number keys are situated in two locations on the keyboard with different functions. In both locations, there are 10 keys, ranging from 1 to 0.
Option I: Symbol Keys
The number keys directly above the alphabet keys also work as symbol keys. These symbols can also be typed out using the Shift key. Below is the table representation of each key denoting the symbol it functions:
| Number Keys | Respective Symbols |
| 1 | ! |
| 2 | @ |
| 3 | # |
| 4 | $ |
| 5 | % |
| 6 | ^ |
| 7 | & |
| 8 | * |
| 9 | ( |
| 0 | ) |
Option II: Numeric Keypad
It is situated at the end of the right side of the keyboard. It resembles the telephone number pads, hence the name, Numeric Keypad. It also operated in these two different modes:
- Num Lock On: All the keys, from 1 to 0, produces the respective digits.
- Num Lock Off: The keys 7, 1, 9, and 3 act like scroll keys, and 8, 2. 4, and 6 like navigation keys.
| Number Keys | Functions |
| 7 | Home |
| 1 | End |
| 9 | Pg Up |
| 3 | Pg Dn |
| 8 | Up Arrow Key |
| 2 | Down Arrow Key |
| 4 | Left Arrow Key |
| 6 | Right Arrow Key |
| 5 | 5 |
| 0 | Insert Key |
Also Read: Fix keyboard Input lag in Windows 10
3. Punctuation Keys
The punctuation keys are also one of the important types of keys on a computer keyboard.
- The punctuations like comma (,), full stop (.), semicolon (;), colon (:), etc. are present on every keyboard.
- These punctuation keys can be used to produce two punctuation marks with one key with the help of the Shift key.
- These keys are most important to correctly punctuate the written text to produce grammatically correct and properly punctuated text.
4. Special Keys
The special keys present on the keyboard are used to carry out special actions in the text editor. Some of the special keys and their functions are listed below:
- Spacebar key: To give spacing between two independent words to form a sentence.
- Enter key: To shift the cursor to the next line in the text editor.
- Backspace key: To delete the words and spacing before the cursor.
- Windows key: To open the Start Menu and use different shortcuts, like Windows + I to open the Settings app.
- Escape key (Esc): To close a popup window or to cancel/interrupt current running programs/processes.
- Delete key: To delete selected images or text.
Also Read: How to Fix Windows Key Disabled
5. Modifier Keys
Modifier keys are used to modify the action of another specific key for a temporary period. Also, modifier keys have no function on their own. They have to be used in combination to perform a certain action or function.
- Shift key: To toggle between uppercase/lowercase letters or switch between two different punctuations with one specific key.
- Control key (Ctrl): To open a new tab in the browser, create new folders, open different task windows, etc.
- Alt (Alternate) key: To alternate the function of the other pressed keys on the keyboard.
- Alt Gr (Alternate Graphic) key: To type characters like ©, ā, æ, etc., with the help of the alphabet and other modifier keys.
6. Function Keys
The function keys begin with the letter F and reside on the topmost part of the keyboard. The function keys on the keyboard start from F1 and end at F12. There is also an additional function key Fn on the keyboard.
- F1: To open the help menu in Microsoft Office applications and a help window in browsers, like Microsoft Edge and Google Chrome.
- F2: To access file edit functions or even files in Windows Explorer, Microsoft Excel, and other several programs.
- F3: To search files and folders in the Windows File Explorer and other applications as well. Shift + F3 allows users to search backward.
- F4: Ctrl + F4 is used to close a tab in a browser window. Alt + F4 is used to close the entire browser window and shut down the Windows PC.
- F5: To refresh/reload a tab in a browser window and refresh the folder in File Explorer as well.
- F6: To highlight and select the URL in a browser window. Also, it is used to move to the next pane in PowerPoint.
- F7: To perform Caret Browsing, meaning using a web page without the help of a mouse, like highlighting the selections. In the word processors and text editors, it is used to navigate to the different sentences within the document.
- F8: To open macros dialog with the Alt key.
- F9: To refresh a document in Microsoft Word and recalculate the workbook in Excel.
- F10: To activate the menu bar. It also activates the context menu when used in combination with the Shift key.
- F11: To open the script editor and visual basic editor when used in combination with Shift and Alt keys.
- F12: To open Developer Tools in various browsers like Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, etc.
- Fn: To perform toggle screen brightness, increase/decrease volume, and many other actions in combination with the F1 to F12 function keys.
Also Read: How to Enable Dell Keyboard Backlight Settings
7. Navigation Keys
Navigation keys are the types of keys on a computer keyboard that are essential with the following functions to utilize:
- These navigation keys are used to navigate a webpage or a text editor window line by line.
- As mentioned before, the Numeric Keypad keys: 8, 4, 2, and 6 can also be used as navigation keys when the Num Lock is off.
- These keys are very useful when playing games or handling tasks like video editing.
8. Toggle Keys
The toggle keys toggle the action of specific keys for a period until the toggle key is active. There are three toggle keys:
- Caps Lock: When active, the alphabet keys type letters in uppercase, otherwise lowercase.
- Num Lock: As mentioned before, it is used to toggle the actions of the numerical keys on the keyboard.
- Scroll Lock: This key has been vanishing from most modern keyboards. There is no use for it and it does not help the compact design of the keyboards. But if it is on a keyboard, it helps lock the scrolling on a page until it is active.
Recommended:
- Fix Steam Client Bootstrapper Not Responding in Windows 10
- How to Activate Windows 10 Without Key
- How to Type Rupee Symbol in Keyboard on Windows 10
- Fix Mechanical Keyboard Double Typing in Windows 10
We hope you have understood the different types of keys on a computer keyboard with the help of this article. If you have any queries about this article or suggestions for any other topic, send them to us through the comments box below.
Tuesday, 13 February 2024
Tuesday, 30 January 2024
लेखा परीक्षक नोट
i.
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर भनेको के हो ?
®
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर प्रत्येक करदातालाई पहिचान दिना दिइने अद्वितीय र स्थायी संकेत अङ्क हो । यो एकपटक लिइसकेपछि उही व्यक्तिले व्यवसाय गर्ने स्थल वा व्यवसायको
प्रकृति एवं अन्य विवरण विदले पनि सो करदाताका लागि सधैंभरि सोही अङ्क कायम रहने
गरी वा कायम रहने भएकाले इसाई लेखा नम्बर भनिएको हो । यसलाई अङ्ग्रेजीमा Permanent
Account Number (PAN) भनिन्छ। व्यक्तिको लागि यो कर तिर्ने प्रयोजनको लागि
प्रयोग गरिन्छ । यो व्यवसायी रोजगारी एवं लगानीको पहिचान जनाउने नम्बर पनि
हो। कम्प्युटर प्रणालीबाट सिर्जना हुने नौ अंकको नम्बर हुन्छ उदाहरणका लागि 123456789
ii.
PAN लिन किन आवश्यक छ?
®
उद्योग,
व्यापार, व्यवसाय, पेशा तथा रोजगारी गर्ने व्यक्तिले आफुले गर्ने कारोवार, बैकिङ्ग
कारोवार, जारी गर्ने बिल, बिजक, खाता, कागजात तथा आय विवरणमा PAN को उल्लेख गर्न अनिवार्य भएकाले PAN लिनु पर्दछ । यो नम्बरले
करदातालार्इ एउटा विशिष्ट पहिचान दिने भएकाले आफ्नो व्यवसाय गर्न र सोमा (व्यवसाय)
सम्बद्ध राजस्व दाखिला गर्न यो PAN लिएपछि सजिलो
हुन्छ । त्यसैले PAN को आवश्याकता पर्छ ।
iii.
अन्तःशुल्क
लाग्ने वस्तुको कारोबार गर्न के छुट्टै प्यान लिनुपर्छ?
®
अन्तःशुल्क
लाग्ने वस्तुको कारोबार गर्न के छुट्टै प्यान लिनुपर्छ अन्तःशुल्क लाग्ने वस्तुको
कारोबार गर्न पहिला प्यान लिइसकेका व्यक्तिले लिनुपर्दैन अन्तःशुल्क लाग्ने वस्तुको
कारोबार गर्नेले सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक वा करदाता सेवा कार्यालय वा कोष तथा लेखा
नियन्त्रण कार्यलाई इजाजत आवेदन गरी इजाजत पत्र लिनुपर्दछ अन्तशुल्क इजाजत पत्रको
लागि प्यानको प्रतिलिपि पनि संलग्न गर्नुपर्दछ ।
iv.
के प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति र कम्पनीको प्यान फरक-फरक किसिमको हुन्छ?
®
प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति र कम्पनीले फरक-फरक PAN लिनु
परे पनि स्थायी लेख एउटै किसिमको विशिष्ट नम्बर (Unique Number) दिएको
हुन्छ संख्याबाट प्राकृतिक व्यक्ति र कम्पनीको छुट्टिँदैन ।
v. आयकरमा दर्ता भर्इ PAN लिइसकेपछि फेरी मूल्य अभिवृद्धि कर
(VAT) को लागि
छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्छ
त?
®
मूल्य
अभिवृद्धि कर VAT र आयकर दुवै आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागद्वारा प्रशासन गरिन्छ । र
दुवै प्रयोजनका लागि एउटै PAN
दिइन्छ. यसर्थ आयकर तथा मूल्य अभिवृद्धि
कर प्रयोजनका लागि छुट्टै छुट्टै दुईवटा PAN मात्र लिएको व्यवसायीले मु.अ. करयोग्य
कारोबार गर्न चाहेमा सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय/ करदाता सेवा कार्यालयमा
निवेदन दिई मु.अ. करमा समेत दर्ता हुनुपर्दछ
vi. रोजगारीको आय हुने व्यक्तिले PAN लिनु पर्छ कि पर्दैन?
®
रोजगारीको आय
हुने व्यक्तिले पनि PAN लिनुपर्ने गरी आ. ब. २०६६/ ६७ देखि व्यवस्था गरिएको छ. एउटै
मात्र रोजगारदाता भएको अवस्थामा व्यक्तिगत PAN लिनुपर्दछ। यस्तो PAN हुने व्यक्तिको रोजगार दाताले नै पारिश्रमिक भुक्तानी गर्दा कर कट्टि
गरी दाखिला गरिदिने भएकाले आय विवरण पेश गर्नु पर्दैन । तर एकभन्दा बढी रोजगारदाता
भएको अवस्थामा अन्तिम करदायित्व एकिन गरी आय विवरण पेश गर्नु पर्ने भएकाले Business PAN लिनु पर्दछ ।
vii.
मैले
प्रोप्राइटरसीप फर्म बन्द गरी प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनी खोल्दैछु के मैले कम्पनीका
लागि छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ?
®
प्रोप्राइटरसीप
फर्म एकल प्राकृतिक व्यक्तिको स्वामित्वमा रहने। र कम्पनी छुट्टाछुट्टै व्यक्तिको
स्वामित्वमा रहने भएकोले प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनीले एकल प्राकृतिक व्यक्तिको
स्वामित्वमा रहे पनि, छट्टै कानूनी व्यक्ति भएकोले छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ ।
viii.
मैले
विराटनगरमा खुद्रा पसलको व्यवसाय गर्दा PAN लिएको थिएँ । सो व्यवसाय बन्द गरी
म काठमाण्डौं आए र यहाँ उद्योग स्थापना गर्ने तयारी गर्दैछु । के काठमाण्डौमा
मैले पुनः छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ ?
®
उही प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति हो भने ठाउँ वा कारोवारको प्रकृति बदलेपनि पुनः PAN लिई राख्नु पर्दैन । तर परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी सूचना सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक
राजस्व कार्यालय (आफुले PAN लिएको आ.रा.का तथा करदाता सेवा कार्यालय) मा दिई आफ्नो
अभिलेख अद्यावधिक गराउनु पर्दछ । काठमाण्डौमा आई पूनः उद्योग व्यवसाय सूचारु
गर्नुपरेमा व्यवसाय गर्न छनौट भएको स्थान अन्तरगतको क्षेत्रमा पर्ने आन्तरिक
राजस्व कार्यालय / करदाता सेवा कार्यालयम निवेदन दिई PAN लाई Reactivate गर्नुपर्दछ ।
ix.
आन्तरिक राजस्व
विभागले PAN लिएको नलिएको, कागजात (जस्तै विल विजक) मा उल्लेख
गरे नगरेको कसरी थाहा पाउछ ?
®
आन्तरिक राजस्व
विभाग वा मातहतका कार्यालयहरुवाट र राजस्व अनुसन्धान विभाग समेतको मद्दतले PAN लिएको नलिएको, VAT लगायतका करमा दर्ता भए नभएको र बील विजकमा उल्लेख (Quote) गरे नगरेको अनुगमन गर्ने गर्दछ । यसका लागि बजार अनुगमनको विशेष
व्यवस्था गरिएको छ । PAN लिएर मात्र कारोवार गर्नु पर्ने व्यक्तिले PAN नलिई कारोवार गरेको पाइएमा आयकर तथा मू.अ.कर दुबै ऐन बमोजिम आन्तरिक
राजस्व विभागले कानूनी कारवाही गर्न सक्दछ ।
x. E-PAN भनेको के हो?
®
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर प्रत्येक करदातालाई दिइने नौ अंकको स्थायी संकेत हो । यसलाई अंग्रेजीमा Permanent Account Number र छोटकरीमा PAN
भनिन्छ । Personal तथा Business PAN प्राप्त गर्न आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय वा करदातासेवा कार्यालयवाट
प्राप्त दरखास्त फारम पूर्ण रुपमा भरी सो साथ आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरुसमेत संलग्न
गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ
भने अर्कोतर्फ आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागको वेबसाइट www.ird.gov.np मा गई त्यहां
उपलब्ध फाराम (PAN पाउनका लागि दिइने दरखास्त फाराम) अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट भरी
त्यस्को Print Out वा Submission
Number लिएर आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरु समेत संलग्न
गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ ।
यसरी अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट PAN प्राप्त गर्न प्रयोग गरिने माध्यमलाई e-PAN को रुपमा बुझिन्छ ।। e-PAN
भनेको छुट्टै PAN होइन ।
xi.
PAN कसरी जारी गरिन्छ?
®
Personal
तथा Business PAN को लागि आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागको
वेबसाइट www.ird.gov.np मा गई त्यहां उपलब्ध फाराम (PAN पाउनका लागि गरिने दरखास्त फाराम)
अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट भरी त्यस्को Print
Out वा Submission Number लिएर वा
आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका कार्यालयहरुमा प्राप्त हुने दरखास्त फाराम पूर्ण
रूपमा भरी सो साथ आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरु समेत संलग्न गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग
मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ । यसरी दरखास्त प्राप्त
भएपछि आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका कार्यालयहरुले जांचबुझ गरी कम्प्यूटर
प्रणालीबाट PAN जारी गर्दछन । सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय वा करदाता
सेवा कार्यालयबाट आवेदकलाई उक्त PAN
को प्रमाणपत्र प्रदान गरिन्छ ।
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
Wednesday, 29 January 2025
Monday, 6 January 2025
Tuesday, 31 December 2024
श्री माध्यमिक विद्यालय मरिण खयरसाललाई हार्दिक बधाई
54Shares
Share Tweet Pin Email Shareसिन्धुली । सिन्धुलीको मरिण गाउँपालिकामा आयोजित छैठौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगिताको शिल्ड मरिण गाउँपालिका ४ मा रहेको श्री माध्यमिक विद्यालय मरिण खयरसालले जितेको छ ।
गत बिहिबारबाट आयोजना भएको मरिण गाउँपालिका स्तरीय छैठौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगितामा समेत प्रथम हुँदै खयरसालले चौथो पटक शिल्ड उचालेको हो ।
विद्यालयले प्रतियोगितामा ६ स्वर्ण, ४ रजत र ५ काश्य सहित कुल १५ पदक सहित रनिङ लागातार चौथो पटक शिल्ड चुम्न पाएको विद्यालयका प्रधानाध्यापक मानध्वज बम्जनले जानकारी दिनुभयो ।
विद्यालयले यस अघि गाउँपालिकाद्धारा आयोजित तेस्रो, चौथो र पाँचौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगिता जितेर शिल्ड आफ्नो कब्जामा पारिसकेको छ । यो छैठौं प्रतियोगिता जितेसंगै विद्यालयले दोस्रो शिल्ड पाएको हो ।
प्रतियोगितामा लागतार तिनपटक विजयी भए विद्यालयले सँधैका लागि शिल्ड राख्न पाउने व्यवस्था छ ।
यस पटक छात्रा चार सय मिटर दौड, छात्रा ज्याबलिङ थ्रो, छात्र सटफुट, छात्र ८ सय मिटर, १ हजार ५ सय मिटर दौड र छात्र कबड्डीमा मावि मरिण खयरसालले स्वर्ण पदक पाएको हो ।
यसैविच प्रतियोगितामा ५ स्वर्ण, ४ रजत र २ काश्य सहित मावि कपिलाकोट द्धितिय भएको छ भने २ स्वर्ण, ३ रजत र ४ काश्य सहित मावि तल्लो खन्जनी तृतिय भएको छ । द्धितिय भएको मावि कपिलाकोट प्रतियोगिताको आयोजक विद्यालय हो ।
प्रतियोगिताका विजयी विद्यालय तथा विद्यार्थी टिमलाई मरिण गाउँपालिकाका अध्यक्ष विमर्श मोक्तान (प्रख्यात) ले एक समारोहका विच नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण पत्र वितरण गर्नुभएको थियो ।
स्वास्थ्यका लागि खेलकुद, राष्ट्रका लागि खेलकुद भन्ने मुल नाराका साथ आयोजना गरिएको प्रतियोगितामा मरिण गाउँपालिका भित्रका १३ वटा माध्यमिक विद्यालयहरुको सहभागिता रहेको आयोजक विद्यालय माविक कपिलाकोटका प्रधानाध्यापक अमृतसिं घिसिङले जानकारी दिनुभयो ।
प्रतियोगितामा छात्र–छात्रा भलिबल, कबड्डी, एथलेष्टिक, १ सय देखि तिन हजारसम्म दौड, हाइजम्प, त्रिपलजम्प, सर्टफुट, ज्याब्लीङथ्रो लगायतमा प्रतिस्पर्धा भएको थियो ।
पाँच दिनसम्म संचालन भएको प्रतियोगितामा प्रथम भएको मावि मरिण खयरसालले १० हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण, द्धितिय हुन सफल मावि कपिलाकोटले ७ हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण र तृतिय हुन सफल प्रस्तावित मावि तल्लो खन्जनीले ५ हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण प्राप्त गरेका हुन् ।
विद्यालयले पढाइका अलवा अतिरिक्त कृयाकलापमा समेत अब्बल प्रदर्शन गर्न सक्दा लागतार चौथो पटक राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड हातपार्दै इतिहास रचेको मावि मरिण खयरसालका विद्यालय व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष टिका तामाङ स्याङ्तानले बताउनु भयो । उहाँले भन्नुभयो, ‘लागतार चौथो पटकसम्म प्रतियोगितामा शिल्ड प्राप्त गर्ने खयरसाल जस्तो विद्यालयहरु सायदै होलान । यसले विद्यालय र विद्यार्थीहरु प्रति खेलकुदका क्षेत्रमा थप लगानी र हौसला प्रदान गर्नुपर्ने अवसर सिर्जना भएको छ । हामी अत्यन्तै खुसी छौं ।’
कपिलाकोट माध्यमिक विद्यालयका व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष राजकुमार श्रेष्ठको अध्यक्षतामा सम्पन्न भएको प्रतियोगिताको उद्घाटन भने प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य राजन दाहालले एक भव्य समारोहका विच गर्नु भएको थियो ।
Friday, 6 September 2024
Sunday, 26 May 2024
The love story with the city of joy
My love story with the city of joy
The city of joy is a tale of human courage. It is a proof that literature can bring both physical and mental changes in human life. It tells the life to the people who live in the slum in Culcutta. One morning in the rainy season, the writer, Dominique Lapierre, went into the slum. He researched painfully there. He learnt how people lived in difficult situation. They lived with insects, hunger, disease, lack of food and medicine, and job. He wrote a novel about their life. He refused with twenty pads of notes and hundreds of hours of tape. This material was enough for him to write a great epic in his life. It took him two years to complete the book. The name of the book was “The city of joy” which was published in thirty-one languages. The book sold well and to help the poor of Calcutta, cheque, jewelry, gold piece, wedding rings, etc. were sent. The writer also gave half of his royalty and utilized all the money properly to support the poor.
Later, the book was made a movie although there were many obstacles to cross. More support was achieved to change the life style and infrastructure of the place. The writer was honored there. While honoring him a little Bangali girl told him that because of him they were not alone in the slum. His experience in the city of joy changed his attitude to life. He learned to be more economical. He also realized that adversity is big but man is greater than adversity. This is his experience of sharing anything to get support.
Questions-Answer
- What did the author learn in the city of joy?
Ans. The author learnt so many things in the city of joy. He learnt how people could live with pests, survive on a little food a day, queue up for hours for the latrines, wash with less than a pint of water, light a match in the monsoon share their living quarters- with a group of eunuchs. He learnt the true values of life. He learnt to use everything to the maximum level without throwing it until it could be used.
- What does the proverb ‘ All that is not given is lost’ mean? Explain.
Ans. It means we should share our pain and gain with other. If we share we will be happy. We need to share our things to get support from other. It tries to reflect cooperation, generosity, and helpfulness to other. If we help others by giving something we have, we are being safe from losing but on the other hand, if we keep something with ourselves, we may lose it one day and we have to regret for that action.
- Did the author make any contribution to the dwellers of the city of joy?
Ans. Yes, the author made real contribution to the dwellers of the city of joy by giving half of all his royalties by forming ‘The Action Aid ‘ project. Moreover, he wrote the novel which brought economic support to the dwellers.
- What is the city of joy about?
Ans. The city of joy is about the miserable condition and suffering of slum people of Calcutta. The author wants to call it an epic although it is a fiction in the sense that epics are written based on the action of great heroes, historical context, bravery of life-like characters. This book has more than five hundred pages as epic and it has the characters of the epic. The city of joy also deals with a bravery work of changing the face of Culcutta.
- The city of joy is a proof that literature can bring both physical and mental changes in human life. Discuss.
Ans. See the summary.
- Read the following paragraph and answer the questions given below. (T.U.2066)
That very fast monsoon morning and walked into it, I knew that this wretched inhuman slum of Calcutta called the city of joy was one of the most extraordinary places on our planet. When I left it two years later with some twenty pads full of notes and hundreds of hours of taps, I knew I had the materials for the greatest book of my career, an epic of heroism, love and faith, a glorious tribute to the human capacity to beat adversity and survive every possible tragedy.
Questions
- Where did the fellow walk in?
- What was called the city of joy?
- Why did the fellow go there?
- For how long he stayed there?
- What did he take back with him when he left the place?
- For what purpose would he utilize that information?
- What would be paid a glorious tribute? (7×1=7)
Answer
- The fellow walked in the slum of Culcutta.
- The city of joy was called the wretched inhuman slum of Calcutta.
- The fellow went there to collect materials for the greatest book of his career.
- He stayed there for two years.
- He took some twenty pads full of notes and hundreds of hours of tape back with him when he left the place.
- He would utilize that information to write a book; called an epic of heroism, love and faith.
- The human capacity to beat adversity and survive every possible tragedy would be paid a glorious tribute.
Saturday, 13 April 2024
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
Since the invention of the keyboard, many writing tasks have become easy to perform, like typing with alphabet keys or account keeping with number keys. Also, with the rapid and comprehensive advancements in technology, the keyboard has made its way into smartphones, making it even more accessible. Nowadays, some tasks cannot be completed without the use of the keyboard. So, to understand the keyboard in-depth to speed up your tasks in daily life, you should know the types of keys on a computer keyboard. Keep reading this article to know this along with the functions of every key on the computer keyboard.
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
If you look at the keyboard on your Desktop or Laptop, you will see the different sets of keys with specific indicative letters on them. These keys are classified to accommodate different functions that you can use to perform specific actions after pressing them. The classification of these keyboard keys can be seen as:
- Alphabet Keys
- Number Keys
- Punctuation Keys
- Special Keys
- Modifier Keys
- Function Keys
- Navigation Keys
- Toggle Keys
These eight types of keys on a computer keyboard allow you to perform several actions and shortcuts to use the keyboard comprehensively. Now, let us learn what are the different types of keys in a computer keyboard in detail with the functions of every key on the computer keyboard.
Note: The below-mentioned functions for various keys are listed for the Windows Operating System.
1. Alphabet Keys
A to Z keys are called alphabet keys which are the most important types of keys on keyboard.
- There are a total of 26 alphabet keys resent on the keyboard.
- Most of the keyboards have a QWERTY arrangement of the keys that are not in alphabetical order.
- You can use these alphabet keys to type out words to form sentences and paragraphs for essays, documents, or articles, like the one you are reading now.
- With the use of the Shift key, which is a modifier key, you can also type uppercase and lowercase letters to maintain the grammatical and formatting rules in the writing.
Also Read: What is Home Button on a Keyboard?
2. Number Keys
The number keys are situated in two locations on the keyboard with different functions. In both locations, there are 10 keys, ranging from 1 to 0.
Option I: Symbol Keys
The number keys directly above the alphabet keys also work as symbol keys. These symbols can also be typed out using the Shift key. Below is the table representation of each key denoting the symbol it functions:
| Number Keys | Respective Symbols |
| 1 | ! |
| 2 | @ |
| 3 | # |
| 4 | $ |
| 5 | % |
| 6 | ^ |
| 7 | & |
| 8 | * |
| 9 | ( |
| 0 | ) |
Option II: Numeric Keypad
It is situated at the end of the right side of the keyboard. It resembles the telephone number pads, hence the name, Numeric Keypad. It also operated in these two different modes:
- Num Lock On: All the keys, from 1 to 0, produces the respective digits.
- Num Lock Off: The keys 7, 1, 9, and 3 act like scroll keys, and 8, 2. 4, and 6 like navigation keys.
| Number Keys | Functions |
| 7 | Home |
| 1 | End |
| 9 | Pg Up |
| 3 | Pg Dn |
| 8 | Up Arrow Key |
| 2 | Down Arrow Key |
| 4 | Left Arrow Key |
| 6 | Right Arrow Key |
| 5 | 5 |
| 0 | Insert Key |
Also Read: Fix keyboard Input lag in Windows 10
3. Punctuation Keys
The punctuation keys are also one of the important types of keys on a computer keyboard.
- The punctuations like comma (,), full stop (.), semicolon (;), colon (:), etc. are present on every keyboard.
- These punctuation keys can be used to produce two punctuation marks with one key with the help of the Shift key.
- These keys are most important to correctly punctuate the written text to produce grammatically correct and properly punctuated text.
4. Special Keys
The special keys present on the keyboard are used to carry out special actions in the text editor. Some of the special keys and their functions are listed below:
- Spacebar key: To give spacing between two independent words to form a sentence.
- Enter key: To shift the cursor to the next line in the text editor.
- Backspace key: To delete the words and spacing before the cursor.
- Windows key: To open the Start Menu and use different shortcuts, like Windows + I to open the Settings app.
- Escape key (Esc): To close a popup window or to cancel/interrupt current running programs/processes.
- Delete key: To delete selected images or text.
Also Read: How to Fix Windows Key Disabled
5. Modifier Keys
Modifier keys are used to modify the action of another specific key for a temporary period. Also, modifier keys have no function on their own. They have to be used in combination to perform a certain action or function.
- Shift key: To toggle between uppercase/lowercase letters or switch between two different punctuations with one specific key.
- Control key (Ctrl): To open a new tab in the browser, create new folders, open different task windows, etc.
- Alt (Alternate) key: To alternate the function of the other pressed keys on the keyboard.
- Alt Gr (Alternate Graphic) key: To type characters like ©, ā, æ, etc., with the help of the alphabet and other modifier keys.
6. Function Keys
The function keys begin with the letter F and reside on the topmost part of the keyboard. The function keys on the keyboard start from F1 and end at F12. There is also an additional function key Fn on the keyboard.
- F1: To open the help menu in Microsoft Office applications and a help window in browsers, like Microsoft Edge and Google Chrome.
- F2: To access file edit functions or even files in Windows Explorer, Microsoft Excel, and other several programs.
- F3: To search files and folders in the Windows File Explorer and other applications as well. Shift + F3 allows users to search backward.
- F4: Ctrl + F4 is used to close a tab in a browser window. Alt + F4 is used to close the entire browser window and shut down the Windows PC.
- F5: To refresh/reload a tab in a browser window and refresh the folder in File Explorer as well.
- F6: To highlight and select the URL in a browser window. Also, it is used to move to the next pane in PowerPoint.
- F7: To perform Caret Browsing, meaning using a web page without the help of a mouse, like highlighting the selections. In the word processors and text editors, it is used to navigate to the different sentences within the document.
- F8: To open macros dialog with the Alt key.
- F9: To refresh a document in Microsoft Word and recalculate the workbook in Excel.
- F10: To activate the menu bar. It also activates the context menu when used in combination with the Shift key.
- F11: To open the script editor and visual basic editor when used in combination with Shift and Alt keys.
- F12: To open Developer Tools in various browsers like Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, etc.
- Fn: To perform toggle screen brightness, increase/decrease volume, and many other actions in combination with the F1 to F12 function keys.
Also Read: How to Enable Dell Keyboard Backlight Settings
7. Navigation Keys
Navigation keys are the types of keys on a computer keyboard that are essential with the following functions to utilize:
- These navigation keys are used to navigate a webpage or a text editor window line by line.
- As mentioned before, the Numeric Keypad keys: 8, 4, 2, and 6 can also be used as navigation keys when the Num Lock is off.
- These keys are very useful when playing games or handling tasks like video editing.
8. Toggle Keys
The toggle keys toggle the action of specific keys for a period until the toggle key is active. There are three toggle keys:
- Caps Lock: When active, the alphabet keys type letters in uppercase, otherwise lowercase.
- Num Lock: As mentioned before, it is used to toggle the actions of the numerical keys on the keyboard.
- Scroll Lock: This key has been vanishing from most modern keyboards. There is no use for it and it does not help the compact design of the keyboards. But if it is on a keyboard, it helps lock the scrolling on a page until it is active.
Recommended:
- Fix Steam Client Bootstrapper Not Responding in Windows 10
- How to Activate Windows 10 Without Key
- How to Type Rupee Symbol in Keyboard on Windows 10
- Fix Mechanical Keyboard Double Typing in Windows 10
We hope you have understood the different types of keys on a computer keyboard with the help of this article. If you have any queries about this article or suggestions for any other topic, send them to us through the comments box below.
Tuesday, 13 February 2024
Tuesday, 30 January 2024
लेखा परीक्षक नोट
i.
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर भनेको के हो ?
®
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर प्रत्येक करदातालाई पहिचान दिना दिइने अद्वितीय र स्थायी संकेत अङ्क हो । यो एकपटक लिइसकेपछि उही व्यक्तिले व्यवसाय गर्ने स्थल वा व्यवसायको
प्रकृति एवं अन्य विवरण विदले पनि सो करदाताका लागि सधैंभरि सोही अङ्क कायम रहने
गरी वा कायम रहने भएकाले इसाई लेखा नम्बर भनिएको हो । यसलाई अङ्ग्रेजीमा Permanent
Account Number (PAN) भनिन्छ। व्यक्तिको लागि यो कर तिर्ने प्रयोजनको लागि
प्रयोग गरिन्छ । यो व्यवसायी रोजगारी एवं लगानीको पहिचान जनाउने नम्बर पनि
हो। कम्प्युटर प्रणालीबाट सिर्जना हुने नौ अंकको नम्बर हुन्छ उदाहरणका लागि 123456789
ii.
PAN लिन किन आवश्यक छ?
®
उद्योग,
व्यापार, व्यवसाय, पेशा तथा रोजगारी गर्ने व्यक्तिले आफुले गर्ने कारोवार, बैकिङ्ग
कारोवार, जारी गर्ने बिल, बिजक, खाता, कागजात तथा आय विवरणमा PAN को उल्लेख गर्न अनिवार्य भएकाले PAN लिनु पर्दछ । यो नम्बरले
करदातालार्इ एउटा विशिष्ट पहिचान दिने भएकाले आफ्नो व्यवसाय गर्न र सोमा (व्यवसाय)
सम्बद्ध राजस्व दाखिला गर्न यो PAN लिएपछि सजिलो
हुन्छ । त्यसैले PAN को आवश्याकता पर्छ ।
iii.
अन्तःशुल्क
लाग्ने वस्तुको कारोबार गर्न के छुट्टै प्यान लिनुपर्छ?
®
अन्तःशुल्क
लाग्ने वस्तुको कारोबार गर्न के छुट्टै प्यान लिनुपर्छ अन्तःशुल्क लाग्ने वस्तुको
कारोबार गर्न पहिला प्यान लिइसकेका व्यक्तिले लिनुपर्दैन अन्तःशुल्क लाग्ने वस्तुको
कारोबार गर्नेले सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक वा करदाता सेवा कार्यालय वा कोष तथा लेखा
नियन्त्रण कार्यलाई इजाजत आवेदन गरी इजाजत पत्र लिनुपर्दछ अन्तशुल्क इजाजत पत्रको
लागि प्यानको प्रतिलिपि पनि संलग्न गर्नुपर्दछ ।
iv.
के प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति र कम्पनीको प्यान फरक-फरक किसिमको हुन्छ?
®
प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति र कम्पनीले फरक-फरक PAN लिनु
परे पनि स्थायी लेख एउटै किसिमको विशिष्ट नम्बर (Unique Number) दिएको
हुन्छ संख्याबाट प्राकृतिक व्यक्ति र कम्पनीको छुट्टिँदैन ।
v. आयकरमा दर्ता भर्इ PAN लिइसकेपछि फेरी मूल्य अभिवृद्धि कर
(VAT) को लागि
छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्छ
त?
®
मूल्य
अभिवृद्धि कर VAT र आयकर दुवै आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागद्वारा प्रशासन गरिन्छ । र
दुवै प्रयोजनका लागि एउटै PAN
दिइन्छ. यसर्थ आयकर तथा मूल्य अभिवृद्धि
कर प्रयोजनका लागि छुट्टै छुट्टै दुईवटा PAN मात्र लिएको व्यवसायीले मु.अ. करयोग्य
कारोबार गर्न चाहेमा सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय/ करदाता सेवा कार्यालयमा
निवेदन दिई मु.अ. करमा समेत दर्ता हुनुपर्दछ
vi. रोजगारीको आय हुने व्यक्तिले PAN लिनु पर्छ कि पर्दैन?
®
रोजगारीको आय
हुने व्यक्तिले पनि PAN लिनुपर्ने गरी आ. ब. २०६६/ ६७ देखि व्यवस्था गरिएको छ. एउटै
मात्र रोजगारदाता भएको अवस्थामा व्यक्तिगत PAN लिनुपर्दछ। यस्तो PAN हुने व्यक्तिको रोजगार दाताले नै पारिश्रमिक भुक्तानी गर्दा कर कट्टि
गरी दाखिला गरिदिने भएकाले आय विवरण पेश गर्नु पर्दैन । तर एकभन्दा बढी रोजगारदाता
भएको अवस्थामा अन्तिम करदायित्व एकिन गरी आय विवरण पेश गर्नु पर्ने भएकाले Business PAN लिनु पर्दछ ।
vii.
मैले
प्रोप्राइटरसीप फर्म बन्द गरी प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनी खोल्दैछु के मैले कम्पनीका
लागि छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ?
®
प्रोप्राइटरसीप
फर्म एकल प्राकृतिक व्यक्तिको स्वामित्वमा रहने। र कम्पनी छुट्टाछुट्टै व्यक्तिको
स्वामित्वमा रहने भएकोले प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनीले एकल प्राकृतिक व्यक्तिको
स्वामित्वमा रहे पनि, छट्टै कानूनी व्यक्ति भएकोले छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ ।
viii.
मैले
विराटनगरमा खुद्रा पसलको व्यवसाय गर्दा PAN लिएको थिएँ । सो व्यवसाय बन्द गरी
म काठमाण्डौं आए र यहाँ उद्योग स्थापना गर्ने तयारी गर्दैछु । के काठमाण्डौमा
मैले पुनः छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ ?
®
उही प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति हो भने ठाउँ वा कारोवारको प्रकृति बदलेपनि पुनः PAN लिई राख्नु पर्दैन । तर परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी सूचना सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक
राजस्व कार्यालय (आफुले PAN लिएको आ.रा.का तथा करदाता सेवा कार्यालय) मा दिई आफ्नो
अभिलेख अद्यावधिक गराउनु पर्दछ । काठमाण्डौमा आई पूनः उद्योग व्यवसाय सूचारु
गर्नुपरेमा व्यवसाय गर्न छनौट भएको स्थान अन्तरगतको क्षेत्रमा पर्ने आन्तरिक
राजस्व कार्यालय / करदाता सेवा कार्यालयम निवेदन दिई PAN लाई Reactivate गर्नुपर्दछ ।
ix.
आन्तरिक राजस्व
विभागले PAN लिएको नलिएको, कागजात (जस्तै विल विजक) मा उल्लेख
गरे नगरेको कसरी थाहा पाउछ ?
®
आन्तरिक राजस्व
विभाग वा मातहतका कार्यालयहरुवाट र राजस्व अनुसन्धान विभाग समेतको मद्दतले PAN लिएको नलिएको, VAT लगायतका करमा दर्ता भए नभएको र बील विजकमा उल्लेख (Quote) गरे नगरेको अनुगमन गर्ने गर्दछ । यसका लागि बजार अनुगमनको विशेष
व्यवस्था गरिएको छ । PAN लिएर मात्र कारोवार गर्नु पर्ने व्यक्तिले PAN नलिई कारोवार गरेको पाइएमा आयकर तथा मू.अ.कर दुबै ऐन बमोजिम आन्तरिक
राजस्व विभागले कानूनी कारवाही गर्न सक्दछ ।
x. E-PAN भनेको के हो?
®
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर प्रत्येक करदातालाई दिइने नौ अंकको स्थायी संकेत हो । यसलाई अंग्रेजीमा Permanent Account Number र छोटकरीमा PAN
भनिन्छ । Personal तथा Business PAN प्राप्त गर्न आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय वा करदातासेवा कार्यालयवाट
प्राप्त दरखास्त फारम पूर्ण रुपमा भरी सो साथ आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरुसमेत संलग्न
गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ
भने अर्कोतर्फ आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागको वेबसाइट www.ird.gov.np मा गई त्यहां
उपलब्ध फाराम (PAN पाउनका लागि दिइने दरखास्त फाराम) अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट भरी
त्यस्को Print Out वा Submission
Number लिएर आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरु समेत संलग्न
गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ ।
यसरी अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट PAN प्राप्त गर्न प्रयोग गरिने माध्यमलाई e-PAN को रुपमा बुझिन्छ ।। e-PAN
भनेको छुट्टै PAN होइन ।
xi.
PAN कसरी जारी गरिन्छ?
®
Personal
तथा Business PAN को लागि आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागको
वेबसाइट www.ird.gov.np मा गई त्यहां उपलब्ध फाराम (PAN पाउनका लागि गरिने दरखास्त फाराम)
अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट भरी त्यस्को Print
Out वा Submission Number लिएर वा
आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका कार्यालयहरुमा प्राप्त हुने दरखास्त फाराम पूर्ण
रूपमा भरी सो साथ आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरु समेत संलग्न गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग
मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ । यसरी दरखास्त प्राप्त
भएपछि आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका कार्यालयहरुले जांचबुझ गरी कम्प्यूटर
प्रणालीबाट PAN जारी गर्दछन । सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय वा करदाता
सेवा कार्यालयबाट आवेदकलाई उक्त PAN
को प्रमाणपत्र प्रदान गरिन्छ ।
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
Wednesday, 29 January 2025
Monday, 6 January 2025
Tuesday, 31 December 2024
श्री माध्यमिक विद्यालय मरिण खयरसाललाई हार्दिक बधाई
54Shares
Share Tweet Pin Email Shareसिन्धुली । सिन्धुलीको मरिण गाउँपालिकामा आयोजित छैठौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगिताको शिल्ड मरिण गाउँपालिका ४ मा रहेको श्री माध्यमिक विद्यालय मरिण खयरसालले जितेको छ ।
गत बिहिबारबाट आयोजना भएको मरिण गाउँपालिका स्तरीय छैठौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगितामा समेत प्रथम हुँदै खयरसालले चौथो पटक शिल्ड उचालेको हो ।
विद्यालयले प्रतियोगितामा ६ स्वर्ण, ४ रजत र ५ काश्य सहित कुल १५ पदक सहित रनिङ लागातार चौथो पटक शिल्ड चुम्न पाएको विद्यालयका प्रधानाध्यापक मानध्वज बम्जनले जानकारी दिनुभयो ।
विद्यालयले यस अघि गाउँपालिकाद्धारा आयोजित तेस्रो, चौथो र पाँचौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगिता जितेर शिल्ड आफ्नो कब्जामा पारिसकेको छ । यो छैठौं प्रतियोगिता जितेसंगै विद्यालयले दोस्रो शिल्ड पाएको हो ।
प्रतियोगितामा लागतार तिनपटक विजयी भए विद्यालयले सँधैका लागि शिल्ड राख्न पाउने व्यवस्था छ ।
यस पटक छात्रा चार सय मिटर दौड, छात्रा ज्याबलिङ थ्रो, छात्र सटफुट, छात्र ८ सय मिटर, १ हजार ५ सय मिटर दौड र छात्र कबड्डीमा मावि मरिण खयरसालले स्वर्ण पदक पाएको हो ।
यसैविच प्रतियोगितामा ५ स्वर्ण, ४ रजत र २ काश्य सहित मावि कपिलाकोट द्धितिय भएको छ भने २ स्वर्ण, ३ रजत र ४ काश्य सहित मावि तल्लो खन्जनी तृतिय भएको छ । द्धितिय भएको मावि कपिलाकोट प्रतियोगिताको आयोजक विद्यालय हो ।
प्रतियोगिताका विजयी विद्यालय तथा विद्यार्थी टिमलाई मरिण गाउँपालिकाका अध्यक्ष विमर्श मोक्तान (प्रख्यात) ले एक समारोहका विच नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण पत्र वितरण गर्नुभएको थियो ।
स्वास्थ्यका लागि खेलकुद, राष्ट्रका लागि खेलकुद भन्ने मुल नाराका साथ आयोजना गरिएको प्रतियोगितामा मरिण गाउँपालिका भित्रका १३ वटा माध्यमिक विद्यालयहरुको सहभागिता रहेको आयोजक विद्यालय माविक कपिलाकोटका प्रधानाध्यापक अमृतसिं घिसिङले जानकारी दिनुभयो ।
प्रतियोगितामा छात्र–छात्रा भलिबल, कबड्डी, एथलेष्टिक, १ सय देखि तिन हजारसम्म दौड, हाइजम्प, त्रिपलजम्प, सर्टफुट, ज्याब्लीङथ्रो लगायतमा प्रतिस्पर्धा भएको थियो ।
पाँच दिनसम्म संचालन भएको प्रतियोगितामा प्रथम भएको मावि मरिण खयरसालले १० हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण, द्धितिय हुन सफल मावि कपिलाकोटले ७ हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण र तृतिय हुन सफल प्रस्तावित मावि तल्लो खन्जनीले ५ हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण प्राप्त गरेका हुन् ।
विद्यालयले पढाइका अलवा अतिरिक्त कृयाकलापमा समेत अब्बल प्रदर्शन गर्न सक्दा लागतार चौथो पटक राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड हातपार्दै इतिहास रचेको मावि मरिण खयरसालका विद्यालय व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष टिका तामाङ स्याङ्तानले बताउनु भयो । उहाँले भन्नुभयो, ‘लागतार चौथो पटकसम्म प्रतियोगितामा शिल्ड प्राप्त गर्ने खयरसाल जस्तो विद्यालयहरु सायदै होलान । यसले विद्यालय र विद्यार्थीहरु प्रति खेलकुदका क्षेत्रमा थप लगानी र हौसला प्रदान गर्नुपर्ने अवसर सिर्जना भएको छ । हामी अत्यन्तै खुसी छौं ।’
कपिलाकोट माध्यमिक विद्यालयका व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष राजकुमार श्रेष्ठको अध्यक्षतामा सम्पन्न भएको प्रतियोगिताको उद्घाटन भने प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य राजन दाहालले एक भव्य समारोहका विच गर्नु भएको थियो ।
Friday, 6 September 2024
Sunday, 26 May 2024
The love story with the city of joy
My love story with the city of joy
The city of joy is a tale of human courage. It is a proof that literature can bring both physical and mental changes in human life. It tells the life to the people who live in the slum in Culcutta. One morning in the rainy season, the writer, Dominique Lapierre, went into the slum. He researched painfully there. He learnt how people lived in difficult situation. They lived with insects, hunger, disease, lack of food and medicine, and job. He wrote a novel about their life. He refused with twenty pads of notes and hundreds of hours of tape. This material was enough for him to write a great epic in his life. It took him two years to complete the book. The name of the book was “The city of joy” which was published in thirty-one languages. The book sold well and to help the poor of Calcutta, cheque, jewelry, gold piece, wedding rings, etc. were sent. The writer also gave half of his royalty and utilized all the money properly to support the poor.
Later, the book was made a movie although there were many obstacles to cross. More support was achieved to change the life style and infrastructure of the place. The writer was honored there. While honoring him a little Bangali girl told him that because of him they were not alone in the slum. His experience in the city of joy changed his attitude to life. He learned to be more economical. He also realized that adversity is big but man is greater than adversity. This is his experience of sharing anything to get support.
Questions-Answer
- What did the author learn in the city of joy?
Ans. The author learnt so many things in the city of joy. He learnt how people could live with pests, survive on a little food a day, queue up for hours for the latrines, wash with less than a pint of water, light a match in the monsoon share their living quarters- with a group of eunuchs. He learnt the true values of life. He learnt to use everything to the maximum level without throwing it until it could be used.
- What does the proverb ‘ All that is not given is lost’ mean? Explain.
Ans. It means we should share our pain and gain with other. If we share we will be happy. We need to share our things to get support from other. It tries to reflect cooperation, generosity, and helpfulness to other. If we help others by giving something we have, we are being safe from losing but on the other hand, if we keep something with ourselves, we may lose it one day and we have to regret for that action.
- Did the author make any contribution to the dwellers of the city of joy?
Ans. Yes, the author made real contribution to the dwellers of the city of joy by giving half of all his royalties by forming ‘The Action Aid ‘ project. Moreover, he wrote the novel which brought economic support to the dwellers.
- What is the city of joy about?
Ans. The city of joy is about the miserable condition and suffering of slum people of Calcutta. The author wants to call it an epic although it is a fiction in the sense that epics are written based on the action of great heroes, historical context, bravery of life-like characters. This book has more than five hundred pages as epic and it has the characters of the epic. The city of joy also deals with a bravery work of changing the face of Culcutta.
- The city of joy is a proof that literature can bring both physical and mental changes in human life. Discuss.
Ans. See the summary.
- Read the following paragraph and answer the questions given below. (T.U.2066)
That very fast monsoon morning and walked into it, I knew that this wretched inhuman slum of Calcutta called the city of joy was one of the most extraordinary places on our planet. When I left it two years later with some twenty pads full of notes and hundreds of hours of taps, I knew I had the materials for the greatest book of my career, an epic of heroism, love and faith, a glorious tribute to the human capacity to beat adversity and survive every possible tragedy.
Questions
- Where did the fellow walk in?
- What was called the city of joy?
- Why did the fellow go there?
- For how long he stayed there?
- What did he take back with him when he left the place?
- For what purpose would he utilize that information?
- What would be paid a glorious tribute? (7×1=7)
Answer
- The fellow walked in the slum of Culcutta.
- The city of joy was called the wretched inhuman slum of Calcutta.
- The fellow went there to collect materials for the greatest book of his career.
- He stayed there for two years.
- He took some twenty pads full of notes and hundreds of hours of tape back with him when he left the place.
- He would utilize that information to write a book; called an epic of heroism, love and faith.
- The human capacity to beat adversity and survive every possible tragedy would be paid a glorious tribute.
Saturday, 13 April 2024
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
Since the invention of the keyboard, many writing tasks have become easy to perform, like typing with alphabet keys or account keeping with number keys. Also, with the rapid and comprehensive advancements in technology, the keyboard has made its way into smartphones, making it even more accessible. Nowadays, some tasks cannot be completed without the use of the keyboard. So, to understand the keyboard in-depth to speed up your tasks in daily life, you should know the types of keys on a computer keyboard. Keep reading this article to know this along with the functions of every key on the computer keyboard.
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
If you look at the keyboard on your Desktop or Laptop, you will see the different sets of keys with specific indicative letters on them. These keys are classified to accommodate different functions that you can use to perform specific actions after pressing them. The classification of these keyboard keys can be seen as:
- Alphabet Keys
- Number Keys
- Punctuation Keys
- Special Keys
- Modifier Keys
- Function Keys
- Navigation Keys
- Toggle Keys
These eight types of keys on a computer keyboard allow you to perform several actions and shortcuts to use the keyboard comprehensively. Now, let us learn what are the different types of keys in a computer keyboard in detail with the functions of every key on the computer keyboard.
Note: The below-mentioned functions for various keys are listed for the Windows Operating System.
1. Alphabet Keys
A to Z keys are called alphabet keys which are the most important types of keys on keyboard.
- There are a total of 26 alphabet keys resent on the keyboard.
- Most of the keyboards have a QWERTY arrangement of the keys that are not in alphabetical order.
- You can use these alphabet keys to type out words to form sentences and paragraphs for essays, documents, or articles, like the one you are reading now.
- With the use of the Shift key, which is a modifier key, you can also type uppercase and lowercase letters to maintain the grammatical and formatting rules in the writing.
Also Read: What is Home Button on a Keyboard?
2. Number Keys
The number keys are situated in two locations on the keyboard with different functions. In both locations, there are 10 keys, ranging from 1 to 0.
Option I: Symbol Keys
The number keys directly above the alphabet keys also work as symbol keys. These symbols can also be typed out using the Shift key. Below is the table representation of each key denoting the symbol it functions:
| Number Keys | Respective Symbols |
| 1 | ! |
| 2 | @ |
| 3 | # |
| 4 | $ |
| 5 | % |
| 6 | ^ |
| 7 | & |
| 8 | * |
| 9 | ( |
| 0 | ) |
Option II: Numeric Keypad
It is situated at the end of the right side of the keyboard. It resembles the telephone number pads, hence the name, Numeric Keypad. It also operated in these two different modes:
- Num Lock On: All the keys, from 1 to 0, produces the respective digits.
- Num Lock Off: The keys 7, 1, 9, and 3 act like scroll keys, and 8, 2. 4, and 6 like navigation keys.
| Number Keys | Functions |
| 7 | Home |
| 1 | End |
| 9 | Pg Up |
| 3 | Pg Dn |
| 8 | Up Arrow Key |
| 2 | Down Arrow Key |
| 4 | Left Arrow Key |
| 6 | Right Arrow Key |
| 5 | 5 |
| 0 | Insert Key |
Also Read: Fix keyboard Input lag in Windows 10
3. Punctuation Keys
The punctuation keys are also one of the important types of keys on a computer keyboard.
- The punctuations like comma (,), full stop (.), semicolon (;), colon (:), etc. are present on every keyboard.
- These punctuation keys can be used to produce two punctuation marks with one key with the help of the Shift key.
- These keys are most important to correctly punctuate the written text to produce grammatically correct and properly punctuated text.
4. Special Keys
The special keys present on the keyboard are used to carry out special actions in the text editor. Some of the special keys and their functions are listed below:
- Spacebar key: To give spacing between two independent words to form a sentence.
- Enter key: To shift the cursor to the next line in the text editor.
- Backspace key: To delete the words and spacing before the cursor.
- Windows key: To open the Start Menu and use different shortcuts, like Windows + I to open the Settings app.
- Escape key (Esc): To close a popup window or to cancel/interrupt current running programs/processes.
- Delete key: To delete selected images or text.
Also Read: How to Fix Windows Key Disabled
5. Modifier Keys
Modifier keys are used to modify the action of another specific key for a temporary period. Also, modifier keys have no function on their own. They have to be used in combination to perform a certain action or function.
- Shift key: To toggle between uppercase/lowercase letters or switch between two different punctuations with one specific key.
- Control key (Ctrl): To open a new tab in the browser, create new folders, open different task windows, etc.
- Alt (Alternate) key: To alternate the function of the other pressed keys on the keyboard.
- Alt Gr (Alternate Graphic) key: To type characters like ©, ā, æ, etc., with the help of the alphabet and other modifier keys.
6. Function Keys
The function keys begin with the letter F and reside on the topmost part of the keyboard. The function keys on the keyboard start from F1 and end at F12. There is also an additional function key Fn on the keyboard.
- F1: To open the help menu in Microsoft Office applications and a help window in browsers, like Microsoft Edge and Google Chrome.
- F2: To access file edit functions or even files in Windows Explorer, Microsoft Excel, and other several programs.
- F3: To search files and folders in the Windows File Explorer and other applications as well. Shift + F3 allows users to search backward.
- F4: Ctrl + F4 is used to close a tab in a browser window. Alt + F4 is used to close the entire browser window and shut down the Windows PC.
- F5: To refresh/reload a tab in a browser window and refresh the folder in File Explorer as well.
- F6: To highlight and select the URL in a browser window. Also, it is used to move to the next pane in PowerPoint.
- F7: To perform Caret Browsing, meaning using a web page without the help of a mouse, like highlighting the selections. In the word processors and text editors, it is used to navigate to the different sentences within the document.
- F8: To open macros dialog with the Alt key.
- F9: To refresh a document in Microsoft Word and recalculate the workbook in Excel.
- F10: To activate the menu bar. It also activates the context menu when used in combination with the Shift key.
- F11: To open the script editor and visual basic editor when used in combination with Shift and Alt keys.
- F12: To open Developer Tools in various browsers like Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, etc.
- Fn: To perform toggle screen brightness, increase/decrease volume, and many other actions in combination with the F1 to F12 function keys.
Also Read: How to Enable Dell Keyboard Backlight Settings
7. Navigation Keys
Navigation keys are the types of keys on a computer keyboard that are essential with the following functions to utilize:
- These navigation keys are used to navigate a webpage or a text editor window line by line.
- As mentioned before, the Numeric Keypad keys: 8, 4, 2, and 6 can also be used as navigation keys when the Num Lock is off.
- These keys are very useful when playing games or handling tasks like video editing.
8. Toggle Keys
The toggle keys toggle the action of specific keys for a period until the toggle key is active. There are three toggle keys:
- Caps Lock: When active, the alphabet keys type letters in uppercase, otherwise lowercase.
- Num Lock: As mentioned before, it is used to toggle the actions of the numerical keys on the keyboard.
- Scroll Lock: This key has been vanishing from most modern keyboards. There is no use for it and it does not help the compact design of the keyboards. But if it is on a keyboard, it helps lock the scrolling on a page until it is active.
Recommended:
- Fix Steam Client Bootstrapper Not Responding in Windows 10
- How to Activate Windows 10 Without Key
- How to Type Rupee Symbol in Keyboard on Windows 10
- Fix Mechanical Keyboard Double Typing in Windows 10
We hope you have understood the different types of keys on a computer keyboard with the help of this article. If you have any queries about this article or suggestions for any other topic, send them to us through the comments box below.
Tuesday, 13 February 2024
Tuesday, 30 January 2024
लेखा परीक्षक नोट
i.
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर भनेको के हो ?
®
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर प्रत्येक करदातालाई पहिचान दिना दिइने अद्वितीय र स्थायी संकेत अङ्क हो । यो एकपटक लिइसकेपछि उही व्यक्तिले व्यवसाय गर्ने स्थल वा व्यवसायको
प्रकृति एवं अन्य विवरण विदले पनि सो करदाताका लागि सधैंभरि सोही अङ्क कायम रहने
गरी वा कायम रहने भएकाले इसाई लेखा नम्बर भनिएको हो । यसलाई अङ्ग्रेजीमा Permanent
Account Number (PAN) भनिन्छ। व्यक्तिको लागि यो कर तिर्ने प्रयोजनको लागि
प्रयोग गरिन्छ । यो व्यवसायी रोजगारी एवं लगानीको पहिचान जनाउने नम्बर पनि
हो। कम्प्युटर प्रणालीबाट सिर्जना हुने नौ अंकको नम्बर हुन्छ उदाहरणका लागि 123456789
ii.
PAN लिन किन आवश्यक छ?
®
उद्योग,
व्यापार, व्यवसाय, पेशा तथा रोजगारी गर्ने व्यक्तिले आफुले गर्ने कारोवार, बैकिङ्ग
कारोवार, जारी गर्ने बिल, बिजक, खाता, कागजात तथा आय विवरणमा PAN को उल्लेख गर्न अनिवार्य भएकाले PAN लिनु पर्दछ । यो नम्बरले
करदातालार्इ एउटा विशिष्ट पहिचान दिने भएकाले आफ्नो व्यवसाय गर्न र सोमा (व्यवसाय)
सम्बद्ध राजस्व दाखिला गर्न यो PAN लिएपछि सजिलो
हुन्छ । त्यसैले PAN को आवश्याकता पर्छ ।
iii.
अन्तःशुल्क
लाग्ने वस्तुको कारोबार गर्न के छुट्टै प्यान लिनुपर्छ?
®
अन्तःशुल्क
लाग्ने वस्तुको कारोबार गर्न के छुट्टै प्यान लिनुपर्छ अन्तःशुल्क लाग्ने वस्तुको
कारोबार गर्न पहिला प्यान लिइसकेका व्यक्तिले लिनुपर्दैन अन्तःशुल्क लाग्ने वस्तुको
कारोबार गर्नेले सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक वा करदाता सेवा कार्यालय वा कोष तथा लेखा
नियन्त्रण कार्यलाई इजाजत आवेदन गरी इजाजत पत्र लिनुपर्दछ अन्तशुल्क इजाजत पत्रको
लागि प्यानको प्रतिलिपि पनि संलग्न गर्नुपर्दछ ।
iv.
के प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति र कम्पनीको प्यान फरक-फरक किसिमको हुन्छ?
®
प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति र कम्पनीले फरक-फरक PAN लिनु
परे पनि स्थायी लेख एउटै किसिमको विशिष्ट नम्बर (Unique Number) दिएको
हुन्छ संख्याबाट प्राकृतिक व्यक्ति र कम्पनीको छुट्टिँदैन ।
v. आयकरमा दर्ता भर्इ PAN लिइसकेपछि फेरी मूल्य अभिवृद्धि कर
(VAT) को लागि
छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्छ
त?
®
मूल्य
अभिवृद्धि कर VAT र आयकर दुवै आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागद्वारा प्रशासन गरिन्छ । र
दुवै प्रयोजनका लागि एउटै PAN
दिइन्छ. यसर्थ आयकर तथा मूल्य अभिवृद्धि
कर प्रयोजनका लागि छुट्टै छुट्टै दुईवटा PAN मात्र लिएको व्यवसायीले मु.अ. करयोग्य
कारोबार गर्न चाहेमा सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय/ करदाता सेवा कार्यालयमा
निवेदन दिई मु.अ. करमा समेत दर्ता हुनुपर्दछ
vi. रोजगारीको आय हुने व्यक्तिले PAN लिनु पर्छ कि पर्दैन?
®
रोजगारीको आय
हुने व्यक्तिले पनि PAN लिनुपर्ने गरी आ. ब. २०६६/ ६७ देखि व्यवस्था गरिएको छ. एउटै
मात्र रोजगारदाता भएको अवस्थामा व्यक्तिगत PAN लिनुपर्दछ। यस्तो PAN हुने व्यक्तिको रोजगार दाताले नै पारिश्रमिक भुक्तानी गर्दा कर कट्टि
गरी दाखिला गरिदिने भएकाले आय विवरण पेश गर्नु पर्दैन । तर एकभन्दा बढी रोजगारदाता
भएको अवस्थामा अन्तिम करदायित्व एकिन गरी आय विवरण पेश गर्नु पर्ने भएकाले Business PAN लिनु पर्दछ ।
vii.
मैले
प्रोप्राइटरसीप फर्म बन्द गरी प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनी खोल्दैछु के मैले कम्पनीका
लागि छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ?
®
प्रोप्राइटरसीप
फर्म एकल प्राकृतिक व्यक्तिको स्वामित्वमा रहने। र कम्पनी छुट्टाछुट्टै व्यक्तिको
स्वामित्वमा रहने भएकोले प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनीले एकल प्राकृतिक व्यक्तिको
स्वामित्वमा रहे पनि, छट्टै कानूनी व्यक्ति भएकोले छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ ।
viii.
मैले
विराटनगरमा खुद्रा पसलको व्यवसाय गर्दा PAN लिएको थिएँ । सो व्यवसाय बन्द गरी
म काठमाण्डौं आए र यहाँ उद्योग स्थापना गर्ने तयारी गर्दैछु । के काठमाण्डौमा
मैले पुनः छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ ?
®
उही प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति हो भने ठाउँ वा कारोवारको प्रकृति बदलेपनि पुनः PAN लिई राख्नु पर्दैन । तर परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी सूचना सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक
राजस्व कार्यालय (आफुले PAN लिएको आ.रा.का तथा करदाता सेवा कार्यालय) मा दिई आफ्नो
अभिलेख अद्यावधिक गराउनु पर्दछ । काठमाण्डौमा आई पूनः उद्योग व्यवसाय सूचारु
गर्नुपरेमा व्यवसाय गर्न छनौट भएको स्थान अन्तरगतको क्षेत्रमा पर्ने आन्तरिक
राजस्व कार्यालय / करदाता सेवा कार्यालयम निवेदन दिई PAN लाई Reactivate गर्नुपर्दछ ।
ix.
आन्तरिक राजस्व
विभागले PAN लिएको नलिएको, कागजात (जस्तै विल विजक) मा उल्लेख
गरे नगरेको कसरी थाहा पाउछ ?
®
आन्तरिक राजस्व
विभाग वा मातहतका कार्यालयहरुवाट र राजस्व अनुसन्धान विभाग समेतको मद्दतले PAN लिएको नलिएको, VAT लगायतका करमा दर्ता भए नभएको र बील विजकमा उल्लेख (Quote) गरे नगरेको अनुगमन गर्ने गर्दछ । यसका लागि बजार अनुगमनको विशेष
व्यवस्था गरिएको छ । PAN लिएर मात्र कारोवार गर्नु पर्ने व्यक्तिले PAN नलिई कारोवार गरेको पाइएमा आयकर तथा मू.अ.कर दुबै ऐन बमोजिम आन्तरिक
राजस्व विभागले कानूनी कारवाही गर्न सक्दछ ।
x. E-PAN भनेको के हो?
®
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर प्रत्येक करदातालाई दिइने नौ अंकको स्थायी संकेत हो । यसलाई अंग्रेजीमा Permanent Account Number र छोटकरीमा PAN
भनिन्छ । Personal तथा Business PAN प्राप्त गर्न आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय वा करदातासेवा कार्यालयवाट
प्राप्त दरखास्त फारम पूर्ण रुपमा भरी सो साथ आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरुसमेत संलग्न
गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ
भने अर्कोतर्फ आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागको वेबसाइट www.ird.gov.np मा गई त्यहां
उपलब्ध फाराम (PAN पाउनका लागि दिइने दरखास्त फाराम) अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट भरी
त्यस्को Print Out वा Submission
Number लिएर आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरु समेत संलग्न
गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ ।
यसरी अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट PAN प्राप्त गर्न प्रयोग गरिने माध्यमलाई e-PAN को रुपमा बुझिन्छ ।। e-PAN
भनेको छुट्टै PAN होइन ।
xi.
PAN कसरी जारी गरिन्छ?
®
Personal
तथा Business PAN को लागि आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागको
वेबसाइट www.ird.gov.np मा गई त्यहां उपलब्ध फाराम (PAN पाउनका लागि गरिने दरखास्त फाराम)
अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट भरी त्यस्को Print
Out वा Submission Number लिएर वा
आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका कार्यालयहरुमा प्राप्त हुने दरखास्त फाराम पूर्ण
रूपमा भरी सो साथ आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरु समेत संलग्न गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग
मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ । यसरी दरखास्त प्राप्त
भएपछि आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका कार्यालयहरुले जांचबुझ गरी कम्प्यूटर
प्रणालीबाट PAN जारी गर्दछन । सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय वा करदाता
सेवा कार्यालयबाट आवेदकलाई उक्त PAN
को प्रमाणपत्र प्रदान गरिन्छ ।
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
Wednesday, 29 January 2025
Monday, 6 January 2025
Tuesday, 31 December 2024
श्री माध्यमिक विद्यालय मरिण खयरसाललाई हार्दिक बधाई
54Shares
Share Tweet Pin Email Shareसिन्धुली । सिन्धुलीको मरिण गाउँपालिकामा आयोजित छैठौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगिताको शिल्ड मरिण गाउँपालिका ४ मा रहेको श्री माध्यमिक विद्यालय मरिण खयरसालले जितेको छ ।
गत बिहिबारबाट आयोजना भएको मरिण गाउँपालिका स्तरीय छैठौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगितामा समेत प्रथम हुँदै खयरसालले चौथो पटक शिल्ड उचालेको हो ।
विद्यालयले प्रतियोगितामा ६ स्वर्ण, ४ रजत र ५ काश्य सहित कुल १५ पदक सहित रनिङ लागातार चौथो पटक शिल्ड चुम्न पाएको विद्यालयका प्रधानाध्यापक मानध्वज बम्जनले जानकारी दिनुभयो ।
विद्यालयले यस अघि गाउँपालिकाद्धारा आयोजित तेस्रो, चौथो र पाँचौं राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड प्रतियोगिता जितेर शिल्ड आफ्नो कब्जामा पारिसकेको छ । यो छैठौं प्रतियोगिता जितेसंगै विद्यालयले दोस्रो शिल्ड पाएको हो ।
प्रतियोगितामा लागतार तिनपटक विजयी भए विद्यालयले सँधैका लागि शिल्ड राख्न पाउने व्यवस्था छ ।
यस पटक छात्रा चार सय मिटर दौड, छात्रा ज्याबलिङ थ्रो, छात्र सटफुट, छात्र ८ सय मिटर, १ हजार ५ सय मिटर दौड र छात्र कबड्डीमा मावि मरिण खयरसालले स्वर्ण पदक पाएको हो ।
यसैविच प्रतियोगितामा ५ स्वर्ण, ४ रजत र २ काश्य सहित मावि कपिलाकोट द्धितिय भएको छ भने २ स्वर्ण, ३ रजत र ४ काश्य सहित मावि तल्लो खन्जनी तृतिय भएको छ । द्धितिय भएको मावि कपिलाकोट प्रतियोगिताको आयोजक विद्यालय हो ।
प्रतियोगिताका विजयी विद्यालय तथा विद्यार्थी टिमलाई मरिण गाउँपालिकाका अध्यक्ष विमर्श मोक्तान (प्रख्यात) ले एक समारोहका विच नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण पत्र वितरण गर्नुभएको थियो ।
स्वास्थ्यका लागि खेलकुद, राष्ट्रका लागि खेलकुद भन्ने मुल नाराका साथ आयोजना गरिएको प्रतियोगितामा मरिण गाउँपालिका भित्रका १३ वटा माध्यमिक विद्यालयहरुको सहभागिता रहेको आयोजक विद्यालय माविक कपिलाकोटका प्रधानाध्यापक अमृतसिं घिसिङले जानकारी दिनुभयो ।
प्रतियोगितामा छात्र–छात्रा भलिबल, कबड्डी, एथलेष्टिक, १ सय देखि तिन हजारसम्म दौड, हाइजम्प, त्रिपलजम्प, सर्टफुट, ज्याब्लीङथ्रो लगायतमा प्रतिस्पर्धा भएको थियो ।
पाँच दिनसम्म संचालन भएको प्रतियोगितामा प्रथम भएको मावि मरिण खयरसालले १० हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण, द्धितिय हुन सफल मावि कपिलाकोटले ७ हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण र तृतिय हुन सफल प्रस्तावित मावि तल्लो खन्जनीले ५ हजार नगद, शिल्ड, मेडल र प्रमाण प्राप्त गरेका हुन् ।
विद्यालयले पढाइका अलवा अतिरिक्त कृयाकलापमा समेत अब्बल प्रदर्शन गर्न सक्दा लागतार चौथो पटक राष्ट्रपति रनिङ शिल्ड हातपार्दै इतिहास रचेको मावि मरिण खयरसालका विद्यालय व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष टिका तामाङ स्याङ्तानले बताउनु भयो । उहाँले भन्नुभयो, ‘लागतार चौथो पटकसम्म प्रतियोगितामा शिल्ड प्राप्त गर्ने खयरसाल जस्तो विद्यालयहरु सायदै होलान । यसले विद्यालय र विद्यार्थीहरु प्रति खेलकुदका क्षेत्रमा थप लगानी र हौसला प्रदान गर्नुपर्ने अवसर सिर्जना भएको छ । हामी अत्यन्तै खुसी छौं ।’
कपिलाकोट माध्यमिक विद्यालयका व्यवस्थापन समितिका अध्यक्ष राजकुमार श्रेष्ठको अध्यक्षतामा सम्पन्न भएको प्रतियोगिताको उद्घाटन भने प्रतिनिधि सभा सदस्य राजन दाहालले एक भव्य समारोहका विच गर्नु भएको थियो ।
Friday, 6 September 2024
Sunday, 26 May 2024
The love story with the city of joy
My love story with the city of joy
The city of joy is a tale of human courage. It is a proof that literature can bring both physical and mental changes in human life. It tells the life to the people who live in the slum in Culcutta. One morning in the rainy season, the writer, Dominique Lapierre, went into the slum. He researched painfully there. He learnt how people lived in difficult situation. They lived with insects, hunger, disease, lack of food and medicine, and job. He wrote a novel about their life. He refused with twenty pads of notes and hundreds of hours of tape. This material was enough for him to write a great epic in his life. It took him two years to complete the book. The name of the book was “The city of joy” which was published in thirty-one languages. The book sold well and to help the poor of Calcutta, cheque, jewelry, gold piece, wedding rings, etc. were sent. The writer also gave half of his royalty and utilized all the money properly to support the poor.
Later, the book was made a movie although there were many obstacles to cross. More support was achieved to change the life style and infrastructure of the place. The writer was honored there. While honoring him a little Bangali girl told him that because of him they were not alone in the slum. His experience in the city of joy changed his attitude to life. He learned to be more economical. He also realized that adversity is big but man is greater than adversity. This is his experience of sharing anything to get support.
Questions-Answer
- What did the author learn in the city of joy?
Ans. The author learnt so many things in the city of joy. He learnt how people could live with pests, survive on a little food a day, queue up for hours for the latrines, wash with less than a pint of water, light a match in the monsoon share their living quarters- with a group of eunuchs. He learnt the true values of life. He learnt to use everything to the maximum level without throwing it until it could be used.
- What does the proverb ‘ All that is not given is lost’ mean? Explain.
Ans. It means we should share our pain and gain with other. If we share we will be happy. We need to share our things to get support from other. It tries to reflect cooperation, generosity, and helpfulness to other. If we help others by giving something we have, we are being safe from losing but on the other hand, if we keep something with ourselves, we may lose it one day and we have to regret for that action.
- Did the author make any contribution to the dwellers of the city of joy?
Ans. Yes, the author made real contribution to the dwellers of the city of joy by giving half of all his royalties by forming ‘The Action Aid ‘ project. Moreover, he wrote the novel which brought economic support to the dwellers.
- What is the city of joy about?
Ans. The city of joy is about the miserable condition and suffering of slum people of Calcutta. The author wants to call it an epic although it is a fiction in the sense that epics are written based on the action of great heroes, historical context, bravery of life-like characters. This book has more than five hundred pages as epic and it has the characters of the epic. The city of joy also deals with a bravery work of changing the face of Culcutta.
- The city of joy is a proof that literature can bring both physical and mental changes in human life. Discuss.
Ans. See the summary.
- Read the following paragraph and answer the questions given below. (T.U.2066)
That very fast monsoon morning and walked into it, I knew that this wretched inhuman slum of Calcutta called the city of joy was one of the most extraordinary places on our planet. When I left it two years later with some twenty pads full of notes and hundreds of hours of taps, I knew I had the materials for the greatest book of my career, an epic of heroism, love and faith, a glorious tribute to the human capacity to beat adversity and survive every possible tragedy.
Questions
- Where did the fellow walk in?
- What was called the city of joy?
- Why did the fellow go there?
- For how long he stayed there?
- What did he take back with him when he left the place?
- For what purpose would he utilize that information?
- What would be paid a glorious tribute? (7×1=7)
Answer
- The fellow walked in the slum of Culcutta.
- The city of joy was called the wretched inhuman slum of Calcutta.
- The fellow went there to collect materials for the greatest book of his career.
- He stayed there for two years.
- He took some twenty pads full of notes and hundreds of hours of tape back with him when he left the place.
- He would utilize that information to write a book; called an epic of heroism, love and faith.
- The human capacity to beat adversity and survive every possible tragedy would be paid a glorious tribute.
Saturday, 13 April 2024
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
Since the invention of the keyboard, many writing tasks have become easy to perform, like typing with alphabet keys or account keeping with number keys. Also, with the rapid and comprehensive advancements in technology, the keyboard has made its way into smartphones, making it even more accessible. Nowadays, some tasks cannot be completed without the use of the keyboard. So, to understand the keyboard in-depth to speed up your tasks in daily life, you should know the types of keys on a computer keyboard. Keep reading this article to know this along with the functions of every key on the computer keyboard.
How Many Types of Keys on a Computer Keyboard
If you look at the keyboard on your Desktop or Laptop, you will see the different sets of keys with specific indicative letters on them. These keys are classified to accommodate different functions that you can use to perform specific actions after pressing them. The classification of these keyboard keys can be seen as:
- Alphabet Keys
- Number Keys
- Punctuation Keys
- Special Keys
- Modifier Keys
- Function Keys
- Navigation Keys
- Toggle Keys
These eight types of keys on a computer keyboard allow you to perform several actions and shortcuts to use the keyboard comprehensively. Now, let us learn what are the different types of keys in a computer keyboard in detail with the functions of every key on the computer keyboard.
Note: The below-mentioned functions for various keys are listed for the Windows Operating System.
1. Alphabet Keys
A to Z keys are called alphabet keys which are the most important types of keys on keyboard.
- There are a total of 26 alphabet keys resent on the keyboard.
- Most of the keyboards have a QWERTY arrangement of the keys that are not in alphabetical order.
- You can use these alphabet keys to type out words to form sentences and paragraphs for essays, documents, or articles, like the one you are reading now.
- With the use of the Shift key, which is a modifier key, you can also type uppercase and lowercase letters to maintain the grammatical and formatting rules in the writing.
Also Read: What is Home Button on a Keyboard?
2. Number Keys
The number keys are situated in two locations on the keyboard with different functions. In both locations, there are 10 keys, ranging from 1 to 0.
Option I: Symbol Keys
The number keys directly above the alphabet keys also work as symbol keys. These symbols can also be typed out using the Shift key. Below is the table representation of each key denoting the symbol it functions:
| Number Keys | Respective Symbols |
| 1 | ! |
| 2 | @ |
| 3 | # |
| 4 | $ |
| 5 | % |
| 6 | ^ |
| 7 | & |
| 8 | * |
| 9 | ( |
| 0 | ) |
Option II: Numeric Keypad
It is situated at the end of the right side of the keyboard. It resembles the telephone number pads, hence the name, Numeric Keypad. It also operated in these two different modes:
- Num Lock On: All the keys, from 1 to 0, produces the respective digits.
- Num Lock Off: The keys 7, 1, 9, and 3 act like scroll keys, and 8, 2. 4, and 6 like navigation keys.
| Number Keys | Functions |
| 7 | Home |
| 1 | End |
| 9 | Pg Up |
| 3 | Pg Dn |
| 8 | Up Arrow Key |
| 2 | Down Arrow Key |
| 4 | Left Arrow Key |
| 6 | Right Arrow Key |
| 5 | 5 |
| 0 | Insert Key |
Also Read: Fix keyboard Input lag in Windows 10
3. Punctuation Keys
The punctuation keys are also one of the important types of keys on a computer keyboard.
- The punctuations like comma (,), full stop (.), semicolon (;), colon (:), etc. are present on every keyboard.
- These punctuation keys can be used to produce two punctuation marks with one key with the help of the Shift key.
- These keys are most important to correctly punctuate the written text to produce grammatically correct and properly punctuated text.
4. Special Keys
The special keys present on the keyboard are used to carry out special actions in the text editor. Some of the special keys and their functions are listed below:
- Spacebar key: To give spacing between two independent words to form a sentence.
- Enter key: To shift the cursor to the next line in the text editor.
- Backspace key: To delete the words and spacing before the cursor.
- Windows key: To open the Start Menu and use different shortcuts, like Windows + I to open the Settings app.
- Escape key (Esc): To close a popup window or to cancel/interrupt current running programs/processes.
- Delete key: To delete selected images or text.
Also Read: How to Fix Windows Key Disabled
5. Modifier Keys
Modifier keys are used to modify the action of another specific key for a temporary period. Also, modifier keys have no function on their own. They have to be used in combination to perform a certain action or function.
- Shift key: To toggle between uppercase/lowercase letters or switch between two different punctuations with one specific key.
- Control key (Ctrl): To open a new tab in the browser, create new folders, open different task windows, etc.
- Alt (Alternate) key: To alternate the function of the other pressed keys on the keyboard.
- Alt Gr (Alternate Graphic) key: To type characters like ©, ā, æ, etc., with the help of the alphabet and other modifier keys.
6. Function Keys
The function keys begin with the letter F and reside on the topmost part of the keyboard. The function keys on the keyboard start from F1 and end at F12. There is also an additional function key Fn on the keyboard.
- F1: To open the help menu in Microsoft Office applications and a help window in browsers, like Microsoft Edge and Google Chrome.
- F2: To access file edit functions or even files in Windows Explorer, Microsoft Excel, and other several programs.
- F3: To search files and folders in the Windows File Explorer and other applications as well. Shift + F3 allows users to search backward.
- F4: Ctrl + F4 is used to close a tab in a browser window. Alt + F4 is used to close the entire browser window and shut down the Windows PC.
- F5: To refresh/reload a tab in a browser window and refresh the folder in File Explorer as well.
- F6: To highlight and select the URL in a browser window. Also, it is used to move to the next pane in PowerPoint.
- F7: To perform Caret Browsing, meaning using a web page without the help of a mouse, like highlighting the selections. In the word processors and text editors, it is used to navigate to the different sentences within the document.
- F8: To open macros dialog with the Alt key.
- F9: To refresh a document in Microsoft Word and recalculate the workbook in Excel.
- F10: To activate the menu bar. It also activates the context menu when used in combination with the Shift key.
- F11: To open the script editor and visual basic editor when used in combination with Shift and Alt keys.
- F12: To open Developer Tools in various browsers like Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, etc.
- Fn: To perform toggle screen brightness, increase/decrease volume, and many other actions in combination with the F1 to F12 function keys.
Also Read: How to Enable Dell Keyboard Backlight Settings
7. Navigation Keys
Navigation keys are the types of keys on a computer keyboard that are essential with the following functions to utilize:
- These navigation keys are used to navigate a webpage or a text editor window line by line.
- As mentioned before, the Numeric Keypad keys: 8, 4, 2, and 6 can also be used as navigation keys when the Num Lock is off.
- These keys are very useful when playing games or handling tasks like video editing.
8. Toggle Keys
The toggle keys toggle the action of specific keys for a period until the toggle key is active. There are three toggle keys:
- Caps Lock: When active, the alphabet keys type letters in uppercase, otherwise lowercase.
- Num Lock: As mentioned before, it is used to toggle the actions of the numerical keys on the keyboard.
- Scroll Lock: This key has been vanishing from most modern keyboards. There is no use for it and it does not help the compact design of the keyboards. But if it is on a keyboard, it helps lock the scrolling on a page until it is active.
Recommended:
- Fix Steam Client Bootstrapper Not Responding in Windows 10
- How to Activate Windows 10 Without Key
- How to Type Rupee Symbol in Keyboard on Windows 10
- Fix Mechanical Keyboard Double Typing in Windows 10
We hope you have understood the different types of keys on a computer keyboard with the help of this article. If you have any queries about this article or suggestions for any other topic, send them to us through the comments box below.
Tuesday, 13 February 2024
Tuesday, 30 January 2024
लेखा परीक्षक नोट
i.
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर भनेको के हो ?
®
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर प्रत्येक करदातालाई पहिचान दिना दिइने अद्वितीय र स्थायी संकेत अङ्क हो । यो एकपटक लिइसकेपछि उही व्यक्तिले व्यवसाय गर्ने स्थल वा व्यवसायको
प्रकृति एवं अन्य विवरण विदले पनि सो करदाताका लागि सधैंभरि सोही अङ्क कायम रहने
गरी वा कायम रहने भएकाले इसाई लेखा नम्बर भनिएको हो । यसलाई अङ्ग्रेजीमा Permanent
Account Number (PAN) भनिन्छ। व्यक्तिको लागि यो कर तिर्ने प्रयोजनको लागि
प्रयोग गरिन्छ । यो व्यवसायी रोजगारी एवं लगानीको पहिचान जनाउने नम्बर पनि
हो। कम्प्युटर प्रणालीबाट सिर्जना हुने नौ अंकको नम्बर हुन्छ उदाहरणका लागि 123456789
ii.
PAN लिन किन आवश्यक छ?
®
उद्योग,
व्यापार, व्यवसाय, पेशा तथा रोजगारी गर्ने व्यक्तिले आफुले गर्ने कारोवार, बैकिङ्ग
कारोवार, जारी गर्ने बिल, बिजक, खाता, कागजात तथा आय विवरणमा PAN को उल्लेख गर्न अनिवार्य भएकाले PAN लिनु पर्दछ । यो नम्बरले
करदातालार्इ एउटा विशिष्ट पहिचान दिने भएकाले आफ्नो व्यवसाय गर्न र सोमा (व्यवसाय)
सम्बद्ध राजस्व दाखिला गर्न यो PAN लिएपछि सजिलो
हुन्छ । त्यसैले PAN को आवश्याकता पर्छ ।
iii.
अन्तःशुल्क
लाग्ने वस्तुको कारोबार गर्न के छुट्टै प्यान लिनुपर्छ?
®
अन्तःशुल्क
लाग्ने वस्तुको कारोबार गर्न के छुट्टै प्यान लिनुपर्छ अन्तःशुल्क लाग्ने वस्तुको
कारोबार गर्न पहिला प्यान लिइसकेका व्यक्तिले लिनुपर्दैन अन्तःशुल्क लाग्ने वस्तुको
कारोबार गर्नेले सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक वा करदाता सेवा कार्यालय वा कोष तथा लेखा
नियन्त्रण कार्यलाई इजाजत आवेदन गरी इजाजत पत्र लिनुपर्दछ अन्तशुल्क इजाजत पत्रको
लागि प्यानको प्रतिलिपि पनि संलग्न गर्नुपर्दछ ।
iv.
के प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति र कम्पनीको प्यान फरक-फरक किसिमको हुन्छ?
®
प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति र कम्पनीले फरक-फरक PAN लिनु
परे पनि स्थायी लेख एउटै किसिमको विशिष्ट नम्बर (Unique Number) दिएको
हुन्छ संख्याबाट प्राकृतिक व्यक्ति र कम्पनीको छुट्टिँदैन ।
v. आयकरमा दर्ता भर्इ PAN लिइसकेपछि फेरी मूल्य अभिवृद्धि कर
(VAT) को लागि
छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्छ
त?
®
मूल्य
अभिवृद्धि कर VAT र आयकर दुवै आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागद्वारा प्रशासन गरिन्छ । र
दुवै प्रयोजनका लागि एउटै PAN
दिइन्छ. यसर्थ आयकर तथा मूल्य अभिवृद्धि
कर प्रयोजनका लागि छुट्टै छुट्टै दुईवटा PAN मात्र लिएको व्यवसायीले मु.अ. करयोग्य
कारोबार गर्न चाहेमा सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय/ करदाता सेवा कार्यालयमा
निवेदन दिई मु.अ. करमा समेत दर्ता हुनुपर्दछ
vi. रोजगारीको आय हुने व्यक्तिले PAN लिनु पर्छ कि पर्दैन?
®
रोजगारीको आय
हुने व्यक्तिले पनि PAN लिनुपर्ने गरी आ. ब. २०६६/ ६७ देखि व्यवस्था गरिएको छ. एउटै
मात्र रोजगारदाता भएको अवस्थामा व्यक्तिगत PAN लिनुपर्दछ। यस्तो PAN हुने व्यक्तिको रोजगार दाताले नै पारिश्रमिक भुक्तानी गर्दा कर कट्टि
गरी दाखिला गरिदिने भएकाले आय विवरण पेश गर्नु पर्दैन । तर एकभन्दा बढी रोजगारदाता
भएको अवस्थामा अन्तिम करदायित्व एकिन गरी आय विवरण पेश गर्नु पर्ने भएकाले Business PAN लिनु पर्दछ ।
vii.
मैले
प्रोप्राइटरसीप फर्म बन्द गरी प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनी खोल्दैछु के मैले कम्पनीका
लागि छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ?
®
प्रोप्राइटरसीप
फर्म एकल प्राकृतिक व्यक्तिको स्वामित्वमा रहने। र कम्पनी छुट्टाछुट्टै व्यक्तिको
स्वामित्वमा रहने भएकोले प्राइभेट लिमिटेड कम्पनीले एकल प्राकृतिक व्यक्तिको
स्वामित्वमा रहे पनि, छट्टै कानूनी व्यक्ति भएकोले छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ ।
viii.
मैले
विराटनगरमा खुद्रा पसलको व्यवसाय गर्दा PAN लिएको थिएँ । सो व्यवसाय बन्द गरी
म काठमाण्डौं आए र यहाँ उद्योग स्थापना गर्ने तयारी गर्दैछु । के काठमाण्डौमा
मैले पुनः छुट्टै PAN लिनु पर्दछ ?
®
उही प्राकृतिक
व्यक्ति हो भने ठाउँ वा कारोवारको प्रकृति बदलेपनि पुनः PAN लिई राख्नु पर्दैन । तर परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी सूचना सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक
राजस्व कार्यालय (आफुले PAN लिएको आ.रा.का तथा करदाता सेवा कार्यालय) मा दिई आफ्नो
अभिलेख अद्यावधिक गराउनु पर्दछ । काठमाण्डौमा आई पूनः उद्योग व्यवसाय सूचारु
गर्नुपरेमा व्यवसाय गर्न छनौट भएको स्थान अन्तरगतको क्षेत्रमा पर्ने आन्तरिक
राजस्व कार्यालय / करदाता सेवा कार्यालयम निवेदन दिई PAN लाई Reactivate गर्नुपर्दछ ।
ix.
आन्तरिक राजस्व
विभागले PAN लिएको नलिएको, कागजात (जस्तै विल विजक) मा उल्लेख
गरे नगरेको कसरी थाहा पाउछ ?
®
आन्तरिक राजस्व
विभाग वा मातहतका कार्यालयहरुवाट र राजस्व अनुसन्धान विभाग समेतको मद्दतले PAN लिएको नलिएको, VAT लगायतका करमा दर्ता भए नभएको र बील विजकमा उल्लेख (Quote) गरे नगरेको अनुगमन गर्ने गर्दछ । यसका लागि बजार अनुगमनको विशेष
व्यवस्था गरिएको छ । PAN लिएर मात्र कारोवार गर्नु पर्ने व्यक्तिले PAN नलिई कारोवार गरेको पाइएमा आयकर तथा मू.अ.कर दुबै ऐन बमोजिम आन्तरिक
राजस्व विभागले कानूनी कारवाही गर्न सक्दछ ।
x. E-PAN भनेको के हो?
®
स्थायी लेखा
नम्बर प्रत्येक करदातालाई दिइने नौ अंकको स्थायी संकेत हो । यसलाई अंग्रेजीमा Permanent Account Number र छोटकरीमा PAN
भनिन्छ । Personal तथा Business PAN प्राप्त गर्न आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय वा करदातासेवा कार्यालयवाट
प्राप्त दरखास्त फारम पूर्ण रुपमा भरी सो साथ आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरुसमेत संलग्न
गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ
भने अर्कोतर्फ आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागको वेबसाइट www.ird.gov.np मा गई त्यहां
उपलब्ध फाराम (PAN पाउनका लागि दिइने दरखास्त फाराम) अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट भरी
त्यस्को Print Out वा Submission
Number लिएर आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरु समेत संलग्न
गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ ।
यसरी अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट PAN प्राप्त गर्न प्रयोग गरिने माध्यमलाई e-PAN को रुपमा बुझिन्छ ।। e-PAN
भनेको छुट्टै PAN होइन ।
xi.
PAN कसरी जारी गरिन्छ?
®
Personal
तथा Business PAN को लागि आन्तरिक राजस्व विभागको
वेबसाइट www.ird.gov.np मा गई त्यहां उपलब्ध फाराम (PAN पाउनका लागि गरिने दरखास्त फाराम)
अनलाईनको माध्यमबाट भरी त्यस्को Print
Out वा Submission Number लिएर वा
आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका कार्यालयहरुमा प्राप्त हुने दरखास्त फाराम पूर्ण
रूपमा भरी सो साथ आवश्यक पर्ने कागजातहरु समेत संलग्न गरी आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग
मातहतका सम्बन्धित कार्यालयहरुमा दरखास्त गर्न सकिन्छ । यसरी दरखास्त प्राप्त
भएपछि आन्तरिक राजस्व विभाग मातहतका कार्यालयहरुले जांचबुझ गरी कम्प्यूटर
प्रणालीबाट PAN जारी गर्दछन । सम्बन्धित आन्तरिक राजस्व कार्यालय वा करदाता
सेवा कार्यालयबाट आवेदकलाई उक्त PAN
को प्रमाणपत्र प्रदान गरिन्छ ।
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's.
.png)
"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Duis mauris ex, gravida ut leo eu, rhoncus porta orci. Fusce vitae rutrum nulla."
"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Duis mauris ex, gravida ut leo eu, rhoncus porta orci. Fusce vitae rutrum nulla."
"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Duis mauris ex, gravida ut leo eu, rhoncus porta orci. Fusce vitae rutrum nulla."
Get in Touch
Feel free to drop us a line to contact us- Phone+977-9762570862
- AddressMarin.
- EmailMongollovekmbofficial@gmail.com